基于数控加工的三爪小滚子定心夹具移动凸轮设计计算.docxVIP

基于数控加工的三爪小滚子定心夹具移 动凸轮设计计算 徐向红 沙洲职业工学院机械动力工程系 摘要： 针对三爪小滚子定心夹具移动凸轮理论曲线复杂、难以在数控机床上直接实现加 工的问题，提出三爪小滚子定心夹具移动凸轮的数值计算方法，可有效解决这 一数控加工的问题。介绍三爪小滚子定心夹具的结构与工作原理，提出一种对移 动凸轮曲线进行等步长釆样计算的数值求解方法，将釆样得到的釆样点按照数 控加工容易实现的二次多项式曲线进行插值拟合，然后定义各参数数值，代入 数据将利用数值求解方法的二次多项式曲线与实际的理论曲线进行比较，发现 在验证的区间内曲线谋差远小于利用传统理论曲线加工产生的谋差，分析谋差 比较结果，提出可以通过细化采样步长和分段插值拟合循环计算的方法来提高 精度。分析结果表明:利用数值计算方法，可以有效解决移动凸轮不易加工的问 题，具有较好的经济效益。 关键词： 三爪定心夹具;小滚子;移动凸轮;数值计算;数控加工; 作者简介：徐向红（1963—），男，硕士，副教授，研究方向为机械优化设计。 E-mail:xxh602@126. com。 收稿日期：2016-08-13 基金：2012年国家科技重大攻关项目(2012ZX0401031) Design Calculations of Centering Small Roller Jig Moving Cam Based on CNC Machining XU Xianghong Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shazhou Professional Institute of Technology; Abstract： As centering small roller jig moving cam theoretical curve equation is complex and difficuIt to implement CNC machining directly, a numerical method was proposed to solve this CNC machining problem. The structure and work ing prin ci pl e of the cen ter ing smal 1 rol 1 er jig were introduced; an equal step sampling calculation numerical solution method of moving cam curve was proposed; then, these samples were interpolated and fitted in accordance with quadratic polynomial curve, and the parameter values were set. At last, the calculated quadratic polynomial curves were compared with the actual theoretical curves. Tt is found that the validation error is much smaller than conventional proccssing error produced by the theoretical curve. Analysing the comparison error, refining the sampling step length and piecewise interpolation fitting loop calculation methods were proposed to improve accuracy. The results show that: the moving cam numerical method can effectively solve the difficuIt process problem of moving cam with better economic benefits Keyword： Centering clamp jig; Small roller; Moving cam; Numerical calculdtion; CNC machining; Received： 2016-08-13 目前，国内外自动定心夹具种类很多，文屮介绍的三爪小滚子定心夹具是自动 定心夹具中结构比较新颖的一种，尤其对于外径变化较大的轴类零件，具有很 好的应用效果。三爪小滚子定心夹具虽然总体结构简单，但是其最重要部分的夹 紧控制