非谓语动词-中小学教育网.DOC

中小学教育网（ HYPERLINK ）快乐学习，全面成长！ 中小学教育网（ HYPERLINK ） 电话：010/ 4006500666 传真:010全天24小时服务（周六、周日及节假日不休息） 中小学教育网( HYPERLINK )整理！ 江苏省启东中学高三英语语法专题复习讲义——非谓语动词 （主备人：倪建辉） 非谓语动词有三种形式：动词不定式、分词、动名词 一、动词不定式 【要点点拨】动词不定式表现为两种形式：to do 或 do，在句中可作： 1、主语： To build the bridge needs much money. 一般用 It作形式主语放在句首，把不定式短语放于句末。 It doesn’t make any difference whether you go today or tomorrow. 2、表语： Their task is to build a railway in a year. 3、宾语： The child pretended to be sleeping / asleep when I came back home. 注意：当不定式作宾语，其后接补语时，我们常用it 作形式宾语，把不定式宾语放于补语之后。 We think it possible to finish the work in a week. 4、定语：表示一个未发生的动作，放于被修饰的名词之后。 The building to be built will be used as a hospital. 5、状语：1）目的状语：常见形式有：to…. / in order to…. / so as to…. We got up early in order to catch the first bus. 2）结果状语：常见形式有： too…. to… / so….as to…. / only to…. Would you be so kind as to help me with my English? He returned home 15 years later, only to find his house burnt down. 6、补语：1）宾补： He asked me to do work with him. 2）主补： She was often heard to sing the song while doing housework. 7、独立结构，在句中作插入语。常用的有：to tell the truth , to be frank , to make things worse… 二、分 词： 【要点点拨】分词可分为：现在分词和过去分词两类。 现在分词: 现在分词和现在分词短语在句中可作： 1、定语：单个的现在分词作定语一般放于被修饰的名词前，现在分词短语作定语应放被修饰的名词后，现在分词及现在分词短语作定语时均可以发展为一个定语从句。 The girl reading over there (The girl who was reading over there) soon fell asleep. 2、状语：现在分词作状语可分为：一般式(doing)：表示分词动作与谓语动作同时发生；完成式(having done)：表示分词动作发生于谓语动作之前。 The old man passed away, leaving a lot of debts unpaid. Having finished (After he had finished) his exercises, he went to play basketball. 3、补语：现在分词作宾语补语，表示宾语的一个正在进行的动作，用于一些常见句型中: see / hear / feel / notice / have / catch / leave / set / send…. sb. doing sth. The salesman caught the thief stealing in the shop. 4、表语：现在分词作表语，表示主语的特点，可以看作形容词，是形容词化的现在分词。 The film was very interesting. 5、独立结构：现在分词短语作独立结构时，是固定说法，不以主动、被动去分析。常见的有：genera