基于模拟结晶算法的长效三相平衡优化换相策略.docx

DOI：10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.22.022文章编号：0258-8013 DOI：10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.22.022 文章编号：0258-8013 (2014) 22-3760-08 中图分类号：TM 74 基于模拟结晶算法的长效三相平衡优化换相策略 彭春华，陈首昆，于蓉 (华东交通大学电气与电子工程学院，江西省 南昌市 330013) An Optimal Phase Swapping Strategy for Long-term Three-phase Balancing Using a Novel Simulated Crystallizing Algorithm PENG Chunhua, CHEN Shoukun, YU Rong (School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi Province, China) ABSTRACT: In order to solve a series of problems which are caused by the three-phase unbalancing in the distribution networks, such as asymmetry in three-phase voltage, reduction in distribution transformer output and the increase in network losses, a new optimal phase swapping model for long-term three-phase balancing of distribution networks was built in this paper by considering load curve characteristics of each bus. The model can cover the shortage of conventional models based on the node loads of distribution networks at a particular time that frequent operations for phase swapping are required. Meanwhile, based on the principle of molecular dynamics, a new simulated crystallizing algorithm (SCA) was proposed. SCA can keep higher diversity of individuals in the later evolution process to prevent premature convergence effectively and obtain global optimal phase swapping scheme rapidly. Finally, optimal phase swapping calculations for three-phase balancing with IEEE 34-bus test feeders were carried out to verify the validity and superiority of the proposed method. 关键词：三相平衡；配网；优化换相；功率损耗；馈线重组； 模拟结晶算法 0 引言 近 10 年来，随着配网系统中居民和商业负荷 的大幅增加，配电线路中的三相电流不平衡问题越 发严重，已成为配网运行中亟待解决的突出问题。 配网三相不平衡运行经常引起三相电压不对称，降 低配电变压器的出力，增加线路损耗等问题，而且 由三相不平衡电流分解出来的负序电流和零序电 流也会对计量仪表的精度产生影响，这些都给电力 系统的安全、稳定运行带来负面影响[1]。除此之外， 不平衡系统还可能会使中性线的电流超过容量限 制，为解决此问题则需要投入巨大的成本升级中性 线或者馈线。 目前解决三相不平衡问题主要有 3 种方法：负 载补偿[1-5]、配网重构[6-8]和换相策略[9-12]。负载补偿 是通过在网络中增加补偿装置对三相间负载进行 补偿从而减小三相电流不平衡度，这种方法存在设 备投入成本大、设备投入运行时间长、运行维护成 本高、易与电网发生谐振和增