黄土抗侵蚀能力与抗剪强度的关系研究-岩土工程专业论文.docx

摘要黄土高原脆弱的生态环境和严重的水土流失是制约该地区资源开发和经济发 摘要 黄土高原脆弱的生态环境和严重的水土流失是制约该地区资源开发和经济发 展的主要因素，研究黄土高原土壤侵蚀力学本质，对于探索土壤侵蚀规律、完善 区域侵蚀理论意义不言而喻，并籍以整治该地区生态环境具有特殊的熏要性和紧 迫性。 土壤是侵蚀的对象，土壤抗侵蚀能力是影响土壤侵蚀内在因素。国内外学者 主要从土壤物理性质和土壤侵蚀力学角度这两个方面对土壤的抗侵蚀能力进行 研究。在土壤侵蚀力学方面，土壤抗侵蚀能力与抗剪强度关系研究需待进一步深 入。本文通过理论分析、野外测试试验及室内土工实验对黄土抗侵蚀能力与黄土 抗剪强度的关系进行了系统的研究： 首先，通过对黄土高原地区7省30个县(市)的30个测点进行土壤入渗、 抗冲、崩解、抗剪、土壤容重以及含水量等指标测定，获得了评价土壤抗侵蚀能 力的原始资料。 其次，以室内土力学试验获得的黄土高原土壤低压下抗剪强度指标为基础， 结合理论分析探讨野外测试抗剪强度与室内测试抗剪强度之间的关系，提出野外 测试抗剪强度实际上是天然状态下的土壤粘聚力，揭示了野外测试抗剪强度的物 理学意义，为应用野外测试抗剪强度提供了理论依据。 第三，从侵蚀力学角度对坡面土壤侵蚀机理进行探讨，提出黄土高原水力侵 蚀的实质或冲刷的实质是土壤在薄层径流动水压力条件下被剪切破坏。 最后，结合理论分析及试验数据探讨黄土抗侵蚀能力与抗剪强度关系，提出 黄土抗侵蚀能力与原状土饱和抗剪强度有本质联系，并指出在土壤粘聚力大于 2kpa的情况下，黄土抗冲系数与黄土抗剪强度存在简单的线性关系。 以上研究进展揭示了黄土高原土壤抗侵蚀能力这个地学概念的力学意义。 关键词 黄土抗侵蚀能力 剪切破坏 黄土抗冲系数 粘聚力 饱和黄土抗剪强度 ABSRACTXia ABSRACT Xia Yanhua(Rock and Soil Engineering) Directed by Zhang Pingchang and Shengqin The main factor which restricts the resource exploitation and the economic development of loess plateau is the serious soil erosion and weak ecological environment，so it is very important and urgent to reveal the law of soil erosion by which the aggravation of the ecological environment in loess plateau will be controlled． Soil is the object of erosion and the internal factor of affecting the soil erosion is the soil anti—erosion ability．The domestic and foreign scholars have researched the soil erosion mainly from the two aspects which are the physical properties and the erosion mechanics of soil．As for the latter．the relations between the anti．erosion ability and the shear strength need to study in a deeper going way．It has been made a systematic study in this paper throu曲theoretical analysis，testing in field and indoor soil mechanical test： First，through the testing ofthe stable infiltration ratio，the anti—washing strength， the disintegration strength，the shear strength，the unit weight and the water content of soil about 30 gauging point in the loess plateau area,the primary data of evaluating the anti-erosion ability ofsoil