环境远程监测系统设计-生物医学工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要湖泊是地表水资源的载体，对湖泊的生态环境保护刻不容缓。呼伦湖是内蒙 古自治区最大的淡水湖，具有极高的生态地位，由于气候的变化和人类活动的干 扰，出现了湖面萎缩、水质持续恶化、渔牧业遭到影响、草原退化等环境问题， 急需对呼伦湖流域建立环境远程监测系统。针对呼伦湖现有的监测系统监测点不足、复杂度高、可扩展性差、信息化建 设水平低、重复建设浪费资源等问题提出建设以云计算和物联网技术为核心的信 息共享平台。物联网分为感知层、网络层、应用层，感知层主要由各种异构传感 器对呼伦湖流域水生态数据、土壤数据、气象数据进行采集。如何实现异构传感 器的无缝接入是必须解决的问题，本文使用 Arduino 作为传感器节点通过 ZigBee 无线网络将采集的数据汇聚到感知层网关，网关使用树莓派通过 RESTful API 将 JSON 格式数据进行上传。应用层就是建立云计算平台，对外提供开放的资源接 口和各种应用服务。云计算主要提供三种服务类型：IaaS、PaaS、SaaS。通过介 绍和比较，本文使用 IaaS 即云计算服务商提供一个按需使用的、易伸缩的、具有 一个应用编程接口的虚拟私有服务器，经过比较最终选择阿里云服务器 ECS 搭建 开发运行环境，在 REST 架构风格约束下以敏捷开发思想进行整体设计，借助于 简洁优雅的 Laravel 框架和轻量级的 jQuery 前端框架，实现用户管理、实时监 测、地理位置、历史数据图表展示等服务并采用 HTTPS 协议对外提供安全开放 的资源接口。最后，总结了环境远程监测系统的实现方案，并讨论了系统还存在的不足之 处，对将来呼伦湖流域检测站数量增加及监测数据增多之后，如何实现数据的深 度挖掘进行了展望。关键词：物联网；环境监测；表述性状态传递；云计算平台；Laravel 框架IAbstractLake is the carrier of surface water resources, it is very urgent to protect the lakes ecological environment. Hulun lake is the largest fresh water lake in Inner Mongolia. It has very high ecological status. Because of climate change and the interference of human activities, lead to the problems such as the shrinking surface area, the water quality getting worse, fishery and forestry were influenced, grassland degradation, so establish Hulun lake’s environment remote monitoring system is necessary.In order to solve problems existed in Hulun lake’s monitoring system, such as lack of monitoring, high complexity, poor scalability, information construction is in alower level, repetitive construction waste of resources. This study put forward a share information platform which is the core of the cloud computing and Internet of Things technologies. The Internet of things is divided into the perception layer, network layer and application layer, perception layer is mainly composed of various kinds of heterogeneous sensors which were used on gathering Hulun lake’s ecological data, soil data and climate data. To realize the seamless access of heterogeneous sensors is important, this article uses Ardui