大菜螟CrocidolomiabinotalisZeller生活习性及甘蓝化学萃取.DOC

大菜螟(Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller)生活習性及甘藍化學萃取 物對其產卵及取食之誘引 Life History and Habits of the Cabbage Webworm (Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller)(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its Ovipositional and Feeding Responses to Chemical Extracts from Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) 研究生：謝明娟 Ming-Chuan Hsieh 指導教授：賴博永 Po-Yung Lai 【摘要】 大菜螟(Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller)在定溫28±1℃，60±10﹪RH，及光照週期14L：10D植物生長箱中，發育天數為卵期4.3±0.8天，一齡1.2±0.4天，二齡1.4±0.5天，三齡3.6±0.8天，四齡3.8±0.7天及五齡幼蟲3.0±0.7天，蛹期為5.6±0.7天。雄蟲平均壽命為12.63±4.1天，雌蟲為7.67±2.9天。其產卵高峰集中於自雌蟲羽化後的5-6天內。 大菜螟成蟲對有無葉毛作物甘藍與印度芥之產卵偏好，顯示大菜螟較喜愛將卵產於有葉毛之印度芥上，這可能是因為卵塊較易於固著在葉毛，使卵塊較不易因葉片翻動而脫落。大菜螟幼蟲對有無葉毛作物之取食偏好試驗顯示大菜螟幼蟲並未特別偏好有葉毛之作物。 在探討甘藍作物對大菜螟幼蟲誘引試驗，將葉片加沸水經微波處理所得之液體用乙醚萃取後再以GC/MS分析之結果所得之大部分成分為烷類，主要有十六烷（Hexadecane, C16H34）、十九烷（Nonadecane, C19H40）、二十一烷（Heneicosane, C21H44）、二十二烷（Docosane, C22H46）、二十三烷( Tricosane, C23H48 )，以上述5種化學物質進行試驗，結果得0.5％之Docosane 誘引大菜螟成蟲產卵所得之卵塊數顯著高於其他濃度，而0.5%之Nonadecane 則對大菜螟幼蟲有顯著性的誘引力。 關鍵字：大菜螟、葉毛、GC/MS分析、誘引因子、十九烷、二十二烷。 【Abstract】 The developmental time of the cabbage webworm, Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller, under a growth chamber set at 28±1℃, 60±10﹪ RH and 14L：10D, was 4.3±0.78 days for egg, 1.2±0.39 days for 1st instar larva, 1.4±0.49 days for 2nd instar larva, 3.6±0.75 days for 3rd instar larva, 3.8±0.7 days for 4th instar larva, 3.0±0.71 days for 5th instar larva, and 5.6±0.7 days for pupa. The average longevity of an adult was 12.63±4.06 days for male and 7.67±2.08 days for female. The peak period of egg laying for a female was 5 to 6 days after its emergence. Results of the study on oviposition preference of a female showed that it preferred to lay eggs on hairy Indian mustard over less hairy cabbage as egg masses anchored better on leaf hairs and were harder to dislodge. However, larvae of the cabbage webworm did not show feeding preference to hairy Indian mustard over less hairy cabbage. Studies on the attraction of cabbage to larvae of the cabbage webworm showed that the chemical components extracted with ether from cabbage leaves dipped in