纪律与现代性：韦伯、福柯纪律观比较-社会学专业论文.docxVIP

内容摘要纪律是现代性的一个关键特征，社会学领域一直对该问题有所关 内容摘要 纪律是现代性的一个关键特征，社会学领域一直对该问题有所关 注，很多社会学家从不同的角度对这一问题进行了论述。本文即以韦 伯和福柯有关纪律的论述为焦点，分别探讨了他们对纪律的观点和态 度。韦伯认为，随着以纪律为基础的科层组织在社会生活领域的渗透， 现代人将越来越失去自由，成为铁笼中的奴隶；但同时，纪律也为人 们提供了在价值多元的条件下，克服现代性、实现自我和自由的可能。 而福柯通过对纪律及纪律权力的分析得出极具悲观色彩的结论，认为 纪律已经成为宰制人的工具，人的自由时时刻刻受到权力的威胁和支 配，他主张要想实现人的自由，必须不断地对强加给人的各种规约进 行超越，克服纪律对人的宰制；同时，晚年的福柯也开始对“自我治 理”表现出一定的兴趣，为人们克服现代性提出新的思考角度。 关键词：韦伯福柯纪律 AbstractDiscipline Abstract Discipline is one of the pivotal characters of modernity,and much attention has been pmd to such topic in the sociology field all the time．This topic is tmder debate from different angles by many sociologists．This essay focuses on Max Weber and Michel Foucault’s discussions on disciptine，and probes into their views and attitudes separately．In the opinion of Weber,with the penetration of bureaucracy which is based On the discipline to social life,people lose more and more flfedom in modem times and might become the slaves of iron cage；meanwhile，the discipline provides the possibility of overcoming the modernity and realizing ego and freedom under the condition of multi-value．However,Foucaalt reached t!xtremc pessimistic conclusion through his analysis of discipline and discipline authority．He held the view that discipline had became a supervision instrument,and the people’s freedom was threatened and controlled by authority at any time．He claimed that in order to realize the people’s freedom,we must keep surpassing all kinds of discipline which imposed∞people∞as to OVelcom噔the supervision．Moreover,in the late years． Foucanlt began to show$olnc interest in seif-regu]ation,and put forward a new angle to overcome the modernity． Key Words：Weber Foucault Discipline 浙江大学磺士学位论文 浙江大学磺士学位论文 纪律与现代性，韦伯、福柯纪律望睦塑坌堑 引言 纪律已经成为现代性的一个关键维度，但从学术发展史来看，在很长一个时 期内对有关现代性的讨论，总是偏向于解放的话语，而对纪律化维度重视不够。 韦伯对纪律的论述和关注使人们对纪律性维度有更明确和清晰的认识，他在揭示 纪律对人的宰制的同时，也透过纪律视角，向我们展示了纪律在克服现代性，实 现人格和自由所提供的可能性．福柯对纪律社会的谱系学分析，无疑极大地推动 了对现代性