三聚氰胺的遗传毒效应及牛奶中三聚氰胺快速检测方法研究.doc

melamine from dispersion to aggregation rapidly, along with the color change from red to blue (or purple). After the optimization of reaction conditions, the whole analysis only needs about 20 min including the simple pretreatment we designed. The analysis can be observed by the naked eye, and simple to operate without sophisticated instruments. In the raw milk, the present limit of detection for melamine is 1 μM by naked eyes and down to 375 nM by the instument. Furthermore, we explore the interaction principle between melamine and citrate-stabilized AuNPs in this work; establish the foundation for modifying the AuNPs and optimizing the system of AuNPs-melamine in the future. In this paper, we also report a rapid and sensitive colorimetric sensor for melamine detection in milk by the aptamer based nanoparticles (AuNPs). Aptamer can absorb on the surface of AuNPs and electrostatically interacts with Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), which protects AuNPs from aggregating. The introduction of melamine would form a melamine-aptamer complex by hydrogen bonds, thus the following cationic polymer could aggregate AuNPs and cause a remarkable change in color. According to this, melamine can be determined by naked eyes and means of absorbance. This sensor is selective for detection of melamine in milk samples and has a limit of detection of 34 nM. Since aptamer-modified AuNPs is more stabilized and selective than unmodified AuNPs in the sensor of melamine, we hope that this detection method-building process will be helpful for the detection of other small molecules. Keywords：melamine，genetic toxicity，AuNPs，aptamer，detection VIII 万方数据 目录 摘要..................................................................................................................................................V ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................. VII 图表清单.................................