民国时期宗族传统与乡村自治的冲突与妥协-法律史专业毕业论文.docxVIP

山东师范大学硕士学位论文 山东师范大学硕士学位论文 万方数据 万方数据 发生了变化，其对近代民国时期地方自治推行的影响是多方面的，不 仅体现在立法活动当中，还体现在当时的现实实践当中。第四部分主 要分析近代宗族制度对地方自治产生如此影响的原因。从历史背景来 看，主要是由于西方宪制改革不彻底，保留有大量的封建残余，因而 在推行地方自治的过程当中就免不了受到封建势力的抵制，而人们的 宪政意识薄弱，难以与根深蒂固的封建势力相对抗。在另一方面，举 国上下全面的宪政改革尚未推行，而妄想通过推行地方自治这一个方 面完成改革，这无异于杯水车薪，难以救积贫积弱之火。从当权者的 层面来看，当时的统治者缺乏彻底的宪制改革的决心，因此对待地方 自治制度的态度自然暧昧不清，当传统宗族制度与地方自治制度发生 冲突时，妥协似乎成为必然的选择，于是“地方自治”发展成为凝聚 东西方思想精髓的“怪胎”，其夭折也是历史的必然。从思想文化层 面来看，传统儒家文化中的伦理纲常和“息讼”等思想根深蒂固，对 西方民主、自由思想的传播起到了抑制和阻碍作用，也影响了地方自 治理念的传达和推行。第五部分对西法移植与本土化融合进行了反 思，在总结教训的基础上提出当代中国建设社会主义新农村的新途 径：一是吸收和借鉴传统宗族文化当中有益于基层建设的经验，二是 培养公民权利意识，使其能够积极主动地参与到民主政治生活当中， 行使公民的基本权利。 关键词：宗族；自治；法律移植 分类号：D909.92 II Abstract The modern feudal clan system, generally refers to the modern feudal clan organization from the Song to Qing Dynasties, of which period the clan’s characteristics are concluded by Chang Jianhua as: The overall characteristic of clan system from the Song to Qing Dynasties is to organize itself through ancestor worship and shrine building, patriarch election, genealogy, clan fields location and clan subject setting, whose historical development is to manifest popularity and autonomy of its folk society. The separation between new clan system and state power and the interactive relationship between them constitute a compelling historical content of this period.＂Clan system has once played an important role in governing grassroots rural community and maintaining its stability. While due to the rise of ideological trend of liberty, democracy and right in the modern west, modern local autonomy movement impacted on and collided with traditional Chinese clan system in the process of implementation, leading to the decline of the traditional clan system, and the rural autonomy movements of the Republic of China also ended in failure. This thesis, taking the game between traditional clan system and modern local autonomy movement as a clue, combining the techniques of historical narrative with contrast argumentation ,discusses on the basis of archi