上古汉语声调研究述论-汉语言文字学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘要 在汉语中，声调有着辨义的作用，是汉语最重要的特征之一。自古迄今，历 代学者在汉语研究中对声调的研究都很重视且卓有成果。本文以上古汉语声调为 研究对象，在吸收前人研究成果的基础上，运用比较、引证、推理、分析等方法 对诸家观点加以述评，分析各家优劣，以期可以从中整理出上古声调发生、发展 和演变的脉络，从而对上古声调的研究本身做一个有述有论的系统梳理，并力图 形成自己的观点。 全文主体部分分为三大章： “有关声调起源问题的讨论”一章，主要讨论了四声的产生。在提出了我们 对四声产生之初种种可能性的假设后，更进一步讨论了历代学者们关于上古汉语 声调的产生这一问题的不同观点。 “声调相关概念的讨论”一章则主要对在研究声调时会涉及到的相关重要概 念及问题进行了介绍和讨论。其中主要有四声、五音以及二者的关系；声调的性 质、调值、调类；关于“四声”最早的文献记载等。 “上古汉语声调论”一章是全文的重点所在。此章分历代学者的声调观点为 “古无声调论”与“古有声调论”两大类，并分为两节加以研究。第一节中“古 无声调论”的持有者主要是明代的陈第。第二节则对古有声调论的学者们按照其 所认定的上古汉语的声调数归类，分为四大类，即古二声调论者、古三声调论者、 古四声调论者和古五声调论者。然后分别对这些观点持有者当中有代表性的学者 一一加以分析讨论，述而评之。 关键词：上古汉语；声调；声调论 II II Abstract Tone, as one of the most important features of Chinese language, performs the role of distinguishing meaning of words. Up to the present, scholars researching Chinese have being attached great importance to the study of tone and their work have been proved fruitful. This dissertation takes the tone of Chinese language before Eastern Han Dynasty as object of study, firstly reviews and comments on the standpoints of different schools on the basis of the existing study of this field, then points out their advantages and disadvantages respectively. It aims to sort out the formation, development and evolvement threads of the tone of Chinese language before Eastern Han Dynasty and reaches at the author’s own standpoint about it. The main body of the dissertation covers three chapters: the chapter “on the formation of the tone of Chinese language” mainly discuses the formation of four tones. In this part, hypothesis about formation of four tones at the very first stage are put forward, and varied viewpoints of scholars in different era over the tone formation of Chinese language in ancient times are discussed onwards. Next chapter “on concepts related with tones of Chinese language before Eastern Han Dynasty” chiefly introduces and talks about related significant concepts and issues concerning study of tone of Chinese, including mainly “four tones”, “five notes” of Chinese