论马歇尔计划对美国的影响-世界历史专业论文.docxVIP

尔计划在战后初期对美国经济、政治、伞球霸权等方面产生的影响进 尔计划在战后初期对美国经济、政治、伞球霸权等方面产生的影响进 行分析、归纳， 客观公正地评论该计划给美国带来的结果和影响， 指出马歇尔计划在战后初期刺激了美国经济的发展，确立了美国在资 本主义经济世界的领导地位，但也导致了欧美之间的经济矛盾；政治 上，马歇尔计划加速了美苏之问的冷战，使美国处于有利的地位；马 歇尔计划还促进了欧美联合并建立了战略同盟，确立了美国的霸主地 位。本文旨在从另一方面来认识马歇尔计划以及美国通过援助所推行 的外交政策，希望能对美国外交政策的研究提供借鉴。 关键词：马歇尔计划； 援助； 遏制战略； 战略联盟 The The Influences of the Marshall Plan on the United States Abstract：The Marshall Plan，namely the European Reconstruction Plan，was put forward against the background of the extremely worsen economic and political condition in Western Europe and the seriously difficult economy situation in America．Its implementation had a series of influences on the US：In economy,through outputting surplus capital and the commodity to Western Europe，the USA avoided changing the wartime prosperity to the postwar crisis，while through reviving Western Europe，the plan gave birth to a competitor for America itself；In politics， the economic aid provided by the USA for Western Europe stabilized Western Europe’S bourgeoisie’S rule，thus maintaining the American-leading capitalism system,and established the America’S leadership in the capitalist world；At the same time，the implementation of the Marshall Plan also eliminated the communism’s expansion in westem Europe，and promoted western Europe’S union and the unification，which greatly strengthened America’S strategic power to resist against the Soviet Union，and laid a basis for its global hegemony after the War． The Marshall Plan is all important part of America’S global hegemony plan，and it plays an important role in America’S diplomatic strategies．Through providing aids for the countries in west Europe，the US realized its economic invasion into these countries，making them dependent on America，unable to work out their independent choice．The aids from Marshall Plan surely helped a lot in the reconstruction of west Europe，but America regarded it as an important measure to realize it’S diplomatic policies．The aided countries were forced to undert