梁启超新民思想分析-中外政治制度专业论文.docxVIP

II II Abstract At the beginning of the 20th century, Liang Qichao, with delicate perception, summarized the reason why the 1898 Reform Movement failed and compared the huge difference between the western and Chinese culture, based on that, he reflected on the deep structure of the tranditional Chinese culture and brought up the subject of transforming national character. Today, we have entered a whole new century, improving the national quality and transforming the national character is still a unchanged theme, while how to improve the national quality has become a urgent subject for today’s competition is among everyone of us who constitute our society, only if we improved our national quality could our country survive and develop steadily in fierce competition. Through marshaling and analyzing the Liang’s New Chinese Ethical Thoughts, its logical structure and ideology were summarized in this study, and its spititual essence was explored. Firstly, the origin of Liang’s New Chinese Ethical Thoughts was revealed from three aspects. The first aspect is the historical background, which was discussed mainly in background of the time and historical experience.The second aspect is theorical foundation, the New Chinese Ethical Thoughts was born in the time when western and Chinese culture conflicted fiercely, for which it could be considered as the combination result of westen and tranditional Chinese culture. For tranditional Chinese culture, Liang adopted its essence, while for western culture he picked its positive factors to make up the shortcomeings of tranditional Chinese culture. Rousseau’s doctrine of state, the theory of natural rights, Darwinian theory, Spencer’s social organism theory as well as bluntschli’s nationalism theory became the theorical foundations of Liang’s New Chinese Ethical Thoughts. The third aspect is the inspiration from Yan Fu for Liang’s New Chinese Ethical Thoughts. Secondly, the content of Liang’s New Chinese Ethical Thoughts was discusse