量子点模型中的自旋极化输运研究-理论物理专业论文.docxVIP

Study Study of spin—polarized transport through quantum dots Su Jin(Theoretical physics) Directed by Li ZhiJian(Associate Professor) ABSTRACT The spin—polarized dependent electronic transport through mesoscopic structure has become one of the majors of the rapidly developed spintronics． This paper is firstly to be introduced some typical effects in mesoscopic transport including weak localization effect，Ahoronov—Bohm oscillation， universal conductance fluctuations，and some fundamental concepts in spintronics，such as Giant magnetorcsistance effect，spin injection，spin transistors and SO on；Then the nonequilibrium Green Function technique， which is a normal method to deal with the mesoscopic transport，is described． Finally we use this method to investigate theoretically the electron transport through two lateral quantum dots between which the spin—polarization dependent tunneling Occurs Considering the intradot electron—electron Coulomb interaction，the Green Function is solved with the help of equation of motion and under the Hartree—Fock approximation．The numerical results indicate the oscillations of the spin current and the increase of the charge current with bias voltage，which can be explained qualitatively by the picture ofspin—dependent resonant tunneling．This double—quantum—dot model can be used to yield spin—polarized current or act as a spin device． Keywords：Spin—polarized transport；Coulomb interaction；double—quantum dots；Nonequlibrium Green function method 引言引 引言 引 言 众所周知，电r具有两个重要的内禀属性，即电荷和自旋。现代的微电r技术 只利用了电子的电荷特性，而没有考虑电子的自旋特征。实际上，人们早在20世纪 2D年代就发现了电子的自旋特性，但直到发现材料的电阻率随着材料磁化状态的变 化而呈现显著改变的巨磁电阻效应并用自旋相关散射和放电流模型来解释之后，人 们yf：女fi认识到电子自旋的应用价值。随后，人们对电子白旋的注入、电子自旋的拎 制以及电子自旋在半导体材料中的输运特性等方向开展了_人量的矽f究一r作，并开始 基于对电子自旋效应的电子器件的开发，如用作量子计算的_量子逻辑门、自旋开关、 自旋晶体管等，从而对电子自旋的研究成为当今研究的一个热，·量课题，并逐渐形成 了一个新的研究领域H口自旋电f学。自旋电r学中电r的自旋版代电。Ji电荷作为信 息储存和传输的载体。电了的自旋态具有较长的驰豫时间，更币容易被杂质或缺陷 的散射破坏，而且白旋态也容易通过调节外部的磁场来进行控制。人4ilj止期待着利 用电子目旋自由度来殴训运行速度更爵、能量消耗更低、功能多、I每集成的卜一代 微电子器件。这利-器件抛弃丁电子的经典特性，转而利用了屯子的量子特性，凶而