竹材力学性能的含水率依赖特性研究-国际竹藤中心.doc

竹材不同力学性能指标的含水率依赖特性 王汉坤1, 2, 余雁1基金项目：国家自然科学基金(、国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD19B04)和 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(、国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD19B04)和国际竹藤网络中心基本科研业务费专项资金。 ( 1. 国际竹藤网络中心 北京 100102 ；2. 中南林业科技大学 长沙 410004 ) 摘　要:有关竹材不同力学性能指标的含水率依赖特性问题至今未见报道。本文测试了不同年龄竹材气干状态（含水率8%，北京）和饱水状态下的主要力学性能指标，由此探索竹材力学性能的含水率依赖特性。研究结果表明，竹材不同力学性能指标对含水率的敏感程度不同，顺纹抗剪强度和顺纹抗压强度受含水率的影响程度最大，弯曲模量次之，顺纹拉伸弹性模量最小；随着竹龄的增大，竹材上述四种力学性能指标对含水率变化的敏感程度稳定降低；进一步的分析表明，密度是决定竹材力学性能对含水率变化敏感程度的重要因素，基本密度越大，敏感性越小。 关键词: 竹材； 力学性能； 含水率依赖特性；基本密度 Moisture Dependence of Different Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Wang Hankun1, 2, Yu Yan1, Yu Yunshui2, Sun Fengbo （1. International center for Bamboo and Rattan Beijing 100102 ; 2. Center South Universty of Forest and Technology Changsha 410004 ) Abstract: No research was reported on the sensitivity of different mechanical properties to the change of moisture content in bamboo. In the present paper, four kinds of mechanical properties of bamboo with different ages were tested under air-dried (8%) and saturated state to explore the moisture dependence characteristics of different mechanical properties of bamboo . The results showed that different mechanical performances of bamboo exhibited different sensitivity to moisture change. Compressive and shearing strength parallel to gain were most significantly affected by moisture content, then was bending modulus and followed by longitudinal tensile modulus. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the above mechanical performance to moisture change was all reduced with the increase of bamboo ages. Further analysis revealed bamboo density was actually a very important factor for the sensitivity of mechanical properties to moisture change, the bigger is the density, the smaller is the sensitivity. Key words: bamboo; mechanical properties; moisture content dependence; specific density 在木质纤维材料中，水分存在于从植株生长到原料加工利用整个过程，对材料的各项物理力学性质都有极大的影响。几十年来，木材行业的专家和学者对木材力学性质的含水率依赖特性进行了大量的研究（Green at el . , 1986；Wang at el . , 1999；Kojima at el . , 2004; 刘一星等，2004; Krets