高速列车载荷谱推断及扩展方法研究-机械工程学报.pdf

第 54 卷第 10 期 机 械 工 程 学 报 Vol.54 No.10 2018 年 5 月 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING May 2 0 1 8 DOI ：10.3901/JME.2018.10.151 高速列车载荷谱推断及扩展方法研究* 陈道云 孙守光 李 强 (北京交通大学载运工具先进制造与测控技术教育部重点实验室 北京 100044) 摘要：为了能准确推断并扩展高速列车实测载荷谱，以高速列车的轴箱为研究对象，对轴箱垂向加速度载荷进行了线路实测， 实测得到的时域载荷数据经雨流计数得到一维加速度载荷谱，分别采用分布函数超越概率法和扩展因子法对载荷谱推断理论 进行研究。为了验证两种方法的有效性并达到超越概率法的应用要求，通过截取长时间的运营里程使所测试时域载荷雨流计 6 数后的总累积频次达到 10 并得到其实测载荷极值，同时把前两种方法扩展得到的载荷极值与实测载荷极值进行对比。结果 表明，由扩展因子法推断得到的载荷极值与实测载荷极值最接近，而由超越概率法推断得到的载荷极值与实测极值相差很大， 表明由扩展因子法推断载荷极值更精准有效。最后，通过利用分布拟合函数和由扩展因子法推断的载荷极值扩展得到了轴箱 全寿命期的垂向加速度载荷谱。 关键词：超越概率法；扩展因子法；载荷谱推断；载荷谱扩展 中图分类号：U270 Study on Deduction and Extend of High-speed Train Load Spectrum CHEN Daoyun SUN Shouguang LI Qiang (Key Laboratory of Vehicle Advanced Manufacturing, Measuring and Control Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044) Abstract ：In order to deduct and extend tested load spectrum, the high-speed train axlebox is selected as research object. The axlebox vertical acceleration load is tested on the reality line. After rainflow counting, the one-dimentional load spectrum is got from the time domain data. Exceedance probability method and expansion factor method are used respectively to deduct the extreme load. In order to validate the effectiveness of two methods, long time running data is recorded to make the total cumulative frequency reach to a hundred million. The extreme loads calculated from two different methods are compared with the actual tested extreme load. Result shows that the extreme load that calculated from expansion factor method is very close to that of the actual tested. However, there is a great difference between the extreme load calculated from exc