1环境污染-7年制预防医学04环境污染及对健康的危害.ppt

生产事故和意外事故引发的急性中毒事件 印度博帕尔毒气泄漏事件 咽炎、气管炎、 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases （2）慢性危害 环境中有害物质以低浓度、长时间反复作用于机体所产生的危害。 1. 慢性炎症 2.变态反应 3.非特异性疾病多发 4.致癌作用 如甲醛、SO2、某些洗涤剂 如苯并芘、石棉、砷、镍、铬 唾液溶菌酶含量下降 SIgA减少 The diseases and symptoms of illnesses associated with specific air pollutants range from eye and throat irritations, respiratory infections, and bronchial asthma to cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and genetic mutations. 2.间接危害 (1）温室效应 (2）形成酸雨 （3）破坏平流层的臭氧层 Air pollution can also create acid rain, depletion of the ozone layer and global warming which are major global environmental concerns. Climate change The world’s climate is controlled by many factors. One of the major factors is Earth’s temperature. During the late 1970s and into the 1980s, scientists became concerned that increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels could cause Earth’s temperature to increase, which could lead to vast changes in weather patterns. Greenhouse effects Greenhouse effects Carbon dioxide traps some of the infrared radiation that escapes from the Earth, making the Earth warmer, much as the glass does in a greenhouse. The process has been termed the greenhouse effect. Methane, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and nitrous oxide (N2O) are also greenhouse gases. infrared radiation make the Earth warmer 2.陆地和海洋生态系统受到影响，植物群落及浮游生物发生改变 3.气温增高有利于病原体繁殖，使某些传染病、寄生虫病及食物中毒发病率 1.使两极冰川融化，海平面上升，陆地面积减少。 温室效应的影响 1. It give rise to water- and food-borne diseases; vector-borne and rodent-borne diseases; or food and water shortages. 2.Temperature-related illness and death could increase. 3. It increases human exposure to spores and moulds. Consequently, allergic diseases could increase. 4. This could result in melting of the ice caps, rising sea levels, coastal flooding, shifting of crop-producing regions, and adverse impacts on populations of humans and other life. Negative impacts of Gree