面向对外汉语教学的名动形基本词义频研究-汉语国际教育专业论文.docxVIP

面向对外汉语教学的名动形基本词义频研究摘 面向对外汉语教学的名动形基本词义频研究 摘 要 多义词是汉语词汇中极其重要的组成部分，随着对外汉语教学研究的不断发 展，越来越多的学者开始认识到由于缺乏对多义词义频的统计而导致的一系列问 题，包括在对外汉语词典编写中义项排序的突出问题以及《(汉语水平)词汇等 级大纲》中多义词义项等级不明、对外汉语教学实践中的多义词教学等问题。但 目前针对多义词义频进行的统计研究非常少，这与对义频统计的迫切需求极不平 衡。 针对这种现状，本文以大规模真实语料为依托，综合运用定量统计与定性分 析相结合、描写与解释相结合等方法，选取名词、动词、形容词中的基本词各lOO 个，对它们的高频搭配进行义项标注，统计出义项的频率，并通过相关计算与观 察对义频的分布特点进行深入分析。我们发现，多义词的义频分布具有不平衡性， 这种不平衡性既表现在单个词语内部义项之间的频次存在巨大差异，也表现在名 词、动词、形容词之间的义频分布存在较大差异，同时单音节词和双音节词之间 的义频分布也存在差异，最终我们得出在名词、动词、形容词三者之中，名词的 义频分布最不平衡，尤其是双音节名词，其次为形容词，再次为动词的结论。 通过我们的统计与分析，我们尝试对词典编撰尤其是外向型词典编撰中义项 的排序问题提供一些参考和启示，对《(汉语水平)词汇等级大纲》中由于缺乏 义频的统计而导致的多义词义项等级不明的问题提供一些数据支持，以促进词汇 大纲的进一步完善，同时为对外汉语教材的编写、词汇教学实践提供一定的帮助。 关键词：对外汉语；多义词；义频 lI 万方数据 硕士学位论文Abstract 硕士学位论文 Abstract Polysemy is a very important part of Chinese vocabulary．With the continuous development of study on Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language，more and more scholars have come to realize a series of problems caused by the lack of statistics on the meaning frequency of polysemy，including the prominent problem of senses sorting in writing a dictionary of Chinese as a Foreign Language and the unclear grades of senses of polysemy in the Outline of Graded Vocabulary fo，．HSK，and the teaching of polysemy in the practice of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language．However，few statistical studies concentrating on the meaning frequency of polysemy are carried out at present．It is highly unbalanced with the urgent demand for the statistics of meaning frequency． Aiming at the status quo，this paper，which is based on large—scale authentic corpus，synthetically uses the method of the combination of quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis，and the union of description and interpretation．We respectively choose 1 00 basic words from the nouns，verbs and adjectives，and annotate on their high-frequency collocations as well as presenting statistics of the frequency of senses， then we make a thorough analysis via the related calculations and observations on the distribution characteristics