土木工程专业英语 教学课件 ppt 作者 陈瑛 4.2 Shear and Diagonal Tension in Reinforced Concrete Beam.pptVIP

4.2 Shear and Diagonal Tension in Reinforced Concrete Beam Shear failure of reinforced concrete, more properly called diagonal failure, is more dangerous than flexural failure because of its catastrophic [9kAtE`strCfIk] 灾难性的nature. This is in strong contrast[5kCntrAst] with the nature of flexural failure. For moderate reinforced beam, flexural failure is initiated by gradual yielding of the tension steel, accompanied by obvious cracking of the concrete and large deflection, giving ample warning and providing the opportunity to take corrective measures. Formation of Diagonal Cracks due to Shear 1 Principal tensile stress in an elastic beam In the case of simply supported beam subjected to two-points loading, the moment and shear distribution is such that the moment is constant in the mid span and in two side spans, shear force is constant. These two side spans are called “shear span“剪跨. Since concrete material is weak in tension, the magnitude and direction of principal tensile stresses are important. At the location of zero shear stress, i.e., the extreme tension fiber, the principal tensile stress takes the horizontal direction. At the point of zero normal stress, i.e., the neutral axis, the principal tensile stress is equal to shear stress, and its direction is 45 degrees with respect to the member axis Reinforced Concrete without Shear Reinforcement无腹筋梁的斜截面受剪性能 For a reinforced concrete without shear reinforcement, flexural crack is firstly formed in regions of large moments, and its direction is parallel to the member axis. The flexural tension strength can be furnished by the tension steel after the formation of tension cracks in the concrete. The longitudinal tension reinforcement has been so calculated and placed that it is chiefly effective in resisting longitudinal tension near the tension face. It does not reinforce the tensionally weak concrete against the diagonal tension stresses that occur elsewhere, caused by shear alone or by the combined ef