毕业论文--地下建筑坍塌事故救援与应急处置研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 毕业论文（设计） 题目 地下建筑坍塌事故救援与应急处置研究 学 号 姓 名 系 队 专 业 指导教师 二○○八年六月 本科毕业论文(设计) PAGE PAGE IV 摘 要 全世界经济迅猛发展，城市化进程不断加快，城市空间向地下发展,各种地下建筑应运而生。但是，地下建筑的特点决定，地下建筑内部存在不少的安全隐患,极易发生灾害事故，地下建筑坍塌事故是常见的一种灾害事故。因一般地下建筑内部是人员聚集场所，当发生坍塌事故时，造成严重的人员伤亡，给地下建筑坍塌事故的救援工作和应急处置带来了难度。本文从地下建筑坍塌事故产生的原因和主要危害入手，对应急处置和事故救援进行了阐述，主要包括救援前的准备工作和应急处置程序，以及救援结束后，部队清理事故现场，组织归队。最后针对我国消防部队在实际救援中存在的不足，对地下建筑的坍塌事故的救援与应急处置提出了建议。 关键词 地下建筑; 坍塌; 救援 Abstract With the rapid development of the world and the rapid urbanization, the space of the city has developed into the underground, and various underground constructions has came into being. However, the characteristics of the underground constructions has decided that there are many security risks in the internal underground constructions, so the disasters has easily happened, and the collapse of underground construction is a common accident. Because the general underground construction is a place with many persons, there will be heavy casualties when the collapse happens, which brings many difficulties to the work of rescue and emergency. From the reason and the main hazards caused by the collapse of the underground construction, the paper has studied the emergency and accident rescue, mainly including the preparatory work before the rescue and emergency and rescue procedures, after the end of the liquidation scene of the accident, the organization back. Finally, with the actual deficiencies of in of our fire rescue units about the emergency rescue, the recommendations about the rescue and emergency of the collapse of the underground construction are made. Keywords Underground building; collapse; rescue 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \u 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 目 录 III 1 引 言 1 2 地下建筑概述 1 2.1 地下建筑的分类 2 2.2 地下建筑的特点 2 3 地下建筑坍塌的产生原因和主要危害 2 3.1地下建筑坍塌的产生原因 2 3.2 地下建筑坍塌的危害 3 3.2.1人员伤亡多 3 3.2.2人员逃生和疏散困难 3 3.2.3搜救困难、救援难度大 3 3.2.4易引发次生灾害 3 3.2.5经济损失严重