第二语言习得入门三章讲解.pptVIP

Unit 3;Contents;Competence and Performance ;Competence and Performance ;Competence and Performance ;Competence and Performance ; （second language acquisition) comprehension(indirectly) competence superior to prior to (internal ) production(directly) comprehension performance (external) production;First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language;First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language;First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language;First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language;First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language;First Language,Second Language, and Foreign Language;Acquisition and Learning ;Acquisition and learning ;Acquisition and learning ; Comprehensible input is a hypothesis first proposed by Stephen Krashen(1981). He purports that learners acquire a second language by hearing and understanding messages that are slightly above their current second language language level.;Comprehensible Input or Output;Comprehensible Input or Output;Comprehensible Input or Output;Comprehensible Input or Output;Interlanguage;Interlanguage;Interlanguage;Variality;Variality;Variality;Fossilization;Fossilization;Fossilization;Fossilization; Transfer is the process of using knowledge of the first language in learning a second language(Odlin,1989). Transfer can be positive and negative.; 1) Positive transfer Positive transfer occurs when prior knowledge benefits the learning task. Not all effects of language transfer are negative-indeed, we may consider that without some language transter, there would be no second language learning.Where language are historically and linguistically related to each other, the positive effects of transfer may be obvious.; 1) Positive transfer For example, Chinese construction SVO is easily understood and positively transferred into Enlish. Positive transfer is termed as fa