进化论与基督教关系研究.doc

摘 要 十九世纪，近代自然科学发展到顶峰，开始酝酿新的科学革命，进入现代自 然科学的前夜。本文以十九世纪中期产生的进化论为科学背景，以当时占统治地 位的基督教神学为宗教基础，同时参考近年来中西方学者的研究成果，对该时期 进化论的产生和发展对基督教神学产生的影响及基督教神学对进化论的反应等进 行研究，探讨这一时期科学与宗教的关系，并得出结论：这一时期的科学与宗教 关系是冲突的，两者冲突的根源集中在“上帝”“自然”和“人”问题上。进化 论的产生打破了人们一直认为的“上帝创世说”和“人是自然的中心”的观点， 提出“自然界中的生物包括人在内都是进化而来的”。基于此，科学与宗教再次 交锋，引发了科学界和宗教界的唇枪舌战、激烈争论。不可忽视的是，虽然有冲 突和争论，但这次交锋也推动了双方的发展：科学家用自身的研究方法不断证实 自己理论的真实性，人们也越来越相信科学可以带来更加美好的生活，它开始取 代基督教成为一种生活和得救的途径。科学理性逐步上升，而宗教信仰则没有以 前的繁荣和兴盛，基督教也开始积极变革，不断调整自身以适应时代环境，在新 的现代精神中走向自己的未来。 关键词：达尔文进化论；基督教神学；神创论；冲突； I 万方数据 Abstract In the 19th century, the development of natural science has reached to the summit and began brewing new scientific revolution, which also entered on the eve of the modern natural science. This paper, taking the theory of evolution which started from the mid-nineteenth century for scientific background and the dominant Christian theology as the basis of religion , with referencing to the research achievements of Chinese and western scholars in recent years , studies how the production and development of the theory of evolution influenced the production of the Christian theology and the reaction of Christian theology to the theory of evolution, explores the relationship between science and religion ,draws the conclusion: in this period , the relationship between science and religion was conflicted; the source of the conflict focused on the issues of the God Natural and People . The theory of Evolution broke the view of creationism and Man is the center of the nature”, and put forward the point of Creatures in nature, including people, are evolved . Based on this, the Science and the Religion clashed again, which triggered a fierce debate in the scientific and religious. Although there were conflict and controversy, this battle also contributed to the development of both, which could not be ignored: scientists constantly confirmed the authenticity of theory by their own research methods; People also believed that Science can bring a better life and it b