论民事诉讼中的悬赏取证.docVIP

论民事诉讼中的悬赏取证 中文摘要 论民事诉讼中的悬赏取证 中文提要 取证难导致悬赏取证在司法实践中时有发生，尤其是在刑事诉讼和行政执法领 域。但在民事诉讼中，程序法对此未作规定。立法的空白导致了理论争议和民事司法 实践的混乱。准确认定民事诉讼中悬赏证据的证据效力成为关键。具体来说，在证据 能力方面，悬赏证据不属于需要排除的民事非法证据，因此它具有证据能力。在证明 力方面，针对不同的悬赏证据应采取不同的证明力审查标准。对于悬赏获取的言词证 据，其证明力的审查应相对严于普通证据，建议规定悬赏的证人必须出庭作证而不得 提交书面证言；对于悬赏获取的实物证据，其证明力的审查可借鉴刑事诉讼中的排除 合理怀疑标准，只有确信其真实性才能作为最终的定案依据。建议在民事程序法的相 关条文中增加悬赏证据的认证规则。另外，为了明确悬赏取证的外延，有必要将其与 私力救济、收买证人和陷阱取证区分开来。民事程序法在今后的修改中可以从当事人 悬赏取证的适用范围、悬赏信息的发布、对悬赏证据的质证和认证、悬赏金的数额与 承担等方面，对民事悬赏取证予以规制，从而更好地完善我国的民事悬赏取证制度。 关键词： 悬赏取证 证据效力 法律规制 作 者：张 望 指导老师：张永泉 I 英文摘要 论民事诉讼中的悬赏取证 On the Reward for Evidence in Civil Litigation Abstract Evident-obtaining difficulties lead to the reward for evidence in the judicial practice, especially in the field of criminal litigation and administrative enforcement of law. But in civil litigation, the procedural law stipulates nothing about it. The blank of legislation leads to theoretical controversy and the chaos in civil judicial practice. Accurate identification of the evidentiary effectiveness of evidence by reward in civil litigation is of critical importance. Specifically, in terms of qualification of evidence, evidence by reward does not belong to civil illegal evidence, so it has the qualification of evidence. In terms of weight of evidence, we should adopt different standards of review according to different kinds of evidence by reward. For oral evidence by reward, the review of weight of evidence should be relatively stricter than ordinary evidence. It is suggested that the witnesses by reward should appear in court and testify instead of submitting a written testimony; For real evidence by reward, the “beyond reasonable doubt” standard in criminal litigation can be used as reference when reviewing the weight of evidence. Only when the authenticity is assured can we take the real evidence as the basis of verdict. It is recommended to add authentication rules for evidence by reward in relevant provisions of civil procedural law. In addition, it is necessary to dist