有机肥料定位还田对烟叶品质及土壤性状的影响.docVIP

中国烟草科学 2009,30(1:5-9 5 有机肥料定位还田对烟叶品质及土壤性状的影响 石屹1,姜鹏超2,赵兵3,窦玉青1,郭先锋1,元建1 (1.农业部烟草类作物质量控制重点开放实验室,中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛 266101;2.山东潍坊烟草有限公司安丘 分公司,山东安丘 262100;3. 山东临沂烟草有限公司沂水分公司山东沂水 276400 摘 要:通过5年田间定位试验研究了有机肥料连续还田对烟叶产量、质量及土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明,烟田连续4年使用有机肥料,土壤容重降低0.1 g/cm3,土壤中放线菌、硝化细菌、亚硝化细菌数量分别增加6.1倍、12.2倍、11.5倍;烟田连续5年使用有机肥料,烟叶产量增加38.9%,产值增加23.9%,烟叶化学成分更趋协调,烟叶感官评吸质量得到明显改善,土壤有机质含量提高0.26个百分点;有机肥料连续还田土壤、烟叶中氯离子含量略有增加并稳定在适宜范围内,烟叶能够正常成熟。烟田长期使用有机肥料效果明显。 关键词:有机肥料;土壤;烟叶;定位试验;品质;化学成分 中图分类号:S572.062 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1007-5119(200901-0005-05 The Effects of Applying Organic Fertilizers on the Leaf Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco and Soil Characteristics SHI Yi1, JIANG Pengchao2, ZHAO Bin3, DOU Yuqing1, GUO Xianfeng1, YUAN Jian1 (1. Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Tobacco Research Institute, CAAS, Qingdao, 266101, China; 2. Anqiu Branch, Shandong Weifang Tobacco Company. Ltd., Anqiu, Shandong 262100, China; 3. Yishui Branch, Shandong Linyi Tobacco Company Ltd., Yishui, Shandong 276400, China Abstract: A five year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of returning organic fertilizers to field continuously on leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco and soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that, after applying organic fertilizers for 4 years, soil bulk density decreased 0.1 g/cm3. The number of actinomycetes, nitrifier, and nitrosobacteria in soil increased 6.1, 12.1, and 11.5 times, respectively. After applying organic fertilizers for 5 years, the yield of tobacco leaf increased 38.9%, the value increased 23.9%, the leaf composition became more harmonized, the sense and smoking tests results improved remarkably, and the soil organic matter increased 0.26%. By returning organic fertilizers to field continuously, the Cl content of the soils and tobacco leaves increased slightly and then stabilized in the appropriate ranges, and tobacco leaves could mature normally. In conclusion, long term application of organic fertilizers have remar