定语从句讲析(二)石小萍.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 定语从句讲析（二）学生版 一、关系副词 1.when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，修饰表示时间的先行词time/moment/ day/ season/ year等。 I still remember the day. On the day I first came to Beijing. →I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. We’ll never forget the year. In the year we were born. →We’ll never forget the year ________ we were born.. 2.where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，修饰表示地点的先行词place/ house/ city/ country/ world等。 This is the house. We lived in the house last year. →This is the house where we lived last year. The factory is in the west of the city. His father works in the factory. →The factory ________his father works is in the west of the city. 3.why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词只有reason一个词。 These are the reasons why we do it. 这些就是我们做这事的理由。 I don’t know the reason _______ he looks unhappy today. 我不知道他今天为什么看上去不愉快。 注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。 例如：I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army. →I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the army. 我永远不会忘记我参军的那一天。 Kentucky is the state where Lincoln was born. →Kentucky is the state ______ ________ Lincoln was born. 肯德基州是林肯的出生地。 The reason why he refused the invitation is quite clear. →The reason _______ ________ he refused the invitation is quite clear. 他拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。 归纳： 关系副词 被代替的先行词 在从句中的作用 When (=at/on/in/during/+which) 表示时间的名词 时间状语 Where(=in/ at + which) 表示地点、场合等的名词 地点状语 Why(= for + which) reason 原因状语 二、 \o 返回页首 介词+关系代词（介词+which与介词+whom） 先行词在从句中做介词宾语，介词有两种位置: 一是紧跟在先行词后；二是位于句尾或动词后。 介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择。方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义, 结合生活实际来判断。 (1) The English play _____ ______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. 答案是in which。在定语从句谓语动词acted与先行词the English play之间，显然要加上in才讲得通, act in the English play. (2) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently. 答案是with/ to whom。在定语从句的谓语动词talk与先行词someone之间，需要加上to或with，才讲得通，即：talk with /to sb.(和某人交谈)。 (3) Luckily, we’d brought a road map without _____ we woul