ThomasGray解读详细课件.pptVIP

Form Iambic pentameter quatrains with alternative rhymes No enjambment 跨行连续: Often lines are miniature clauses with balanced subject and predicate, such as line 1: The curfew (subject) and tolls the knell of parting day (predicate). Alliteration (头韵) ties successive lines together: herd wind and homeward (l. 2-3), droning flight and distant folds (l. 7-8), and mantld towr and moping owl (l. 9-10). Parallel syntactic construction across line and stanza boundaries Stanza 4 Beneath those rugged elms, that yew-trees shade Where heaves the turf in many a mouldering heap, Each in his narrow cell for ever laid, The rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep. 峥嵘的榆树底下，扁柏的荫里，草皮鼓起了许多零落的荒堆，各自在洞窟里永远放下了身体，小村里粗鄙的父老在那里安睡。 Stanza 5 The breezy call of incense-breathing morn, The swallow twittering from the straw-built shed, The cocks shrill clarion, or the echoing horn, No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed. 香气四溢的晨风轻松的呼召，燕子从茅草棚子里吐出的呢喃，公鸡的尖喇叭，使山鸣谷应的猎号再不能唤醒他们在地下的长眠。 Stanza 6 For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn, Or busy housewife ply her evening care; No children run to lisp their sires return, Or climb his knees the envied kiss to share. 在他们，熊熊的炉火不再会燃烧，忙碌的管家妇不再会赶她的夜活；孩子们不再会“牙牙”的报父亲来到，为一个亲吻爬倒他膝上去争夺。 Stanza 7 Oft did the harvest to their sickle yield; Their furrow oft the stubborn glebe has broke; How jocund did they drive their team afield! How bowed the woods beneath their sturdy stroke! 往常是：他们一开镰就所向披靡，顽梗的泥板让他们犁出了垄沟；他们多么欢欣地赶牲口下地！他们一猛砍，树木就一棵棵低头！ Stanza 8 Let not Ambition mock their useful toil, Their homely joys, and destiny obscure; Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile The short and simple annals of the poor. “雄心”别嘲讽他们实用的操劳，家常的欢乐，默默无闻的命运；“豪华”也不用带着轻蔑的冷笑来听讲穷人的又短有简的生平。 Stanza 9 The boast of heraldry, the pomp of power, And all that beauty, all that wealth eer gave, Awaits alike the inevitable hour: The paths of glory lead but to the grave. 门第的炫耀，有权有势的煊赫，凡是美和财富所能赋予的好处，前头都等待着不可避免的时刻：光荣的道路无非是引导到坟墓。 Stanza 10