被动语态在一般现在时和一般过去时中的运用.docxVIP

被动语态 一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。 二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 am / is / are + P.P. （1）Do they speak French ? （2）They don’t use the room . Is French spoken by them ? The room isn’t used by them . 一般过去时 was / were + p.p. （1）The hunter killed a tiger . （2）He wrote many stories last year . A tiger was killed by the hunter . Many stories were written by him last year . 四. 如何正确使用被动语态 1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主 语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间 接宾语之间加上介词“to”。 eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态） The interesting stories are often told to us by him.（被动语态） ▲常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。 2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不 定式来充当，to 被省略，但在被动语态中，这个 to 还要还原。 eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态） She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态） ▲ 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice 等。 3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过 去分词来充当表语）。”区别是被动语态强调动作，系表结构强调状态。 比较：（1）The shop is often closed at 6∶30 in the afternoon. （带 时 间 状 语，是被动语态） （2）The shop is closed．（表示性状，是系表结构） 一. 选择填空 1. Paper first invented in China . A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow . A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered with the kind of question often in your class , Ann ? A. Does , ask B. Is , asked C. Has , asked D. Will , ask The girl was unhappy because she by some boys in the class . A. is laughed B. was laughed C. laughed at D. was laughed at 5. The trees in our school every Friday afternoon . A. are watered B. are watering C. have watered D. water 6. Football everywhere in the world . A. is played B. play C. is playing D. plays 二. 用正确的时态和语态填空 1. Nearly everybody here （know）when the old museum （build）. 2. Yesterday Tom （tell）me that his bike （break）last week . The students often It is known to all that the moon （tell）to take care of their desks and chairs . （turn）round the earth . Miss Li oft