材料导论 (27)材料导论.pdf

Module 4 (Metallic Materials 金属材料) Video 5 Ferrous Metals 黑色金属 Hello everyone. Today, we will talk about ferrous metals.今天来讲讲黑色金属. 译文： 大家好！今天我们来学习黑色金属。 Since the Iron Age, ferrous metals came into widespread use. They are produced in larger quantities than any other metal type, especially important as engineering construction materials. 译文： 人类自从进入铁器时代以来，黑色金属得到了广泛的应用。黑色金属比其他 类型的金属的生产量都大，是重要的工程结构用材料。 Based on carbon content, there are three types of ferrous: iron, steel, and cast iron. Commercially pure iron contains less than 0.008 wt% C. Steels contain between 0.008 and 2.14 wt% C. Cast irons contain 2.14-6.70 wt% C. 译文： 根据碳含量，一共有三种类型的黑色金属：铁、钢和铸铁。工业纯铁中的碳 含量低于0.008 wt%。钢中的碳含量介于0.008 wt%和2.14 wt%之间。铸铁中的碳 含量在2.14 wt%–6.70 wt% 。 At first, let’shave a talk on cast iron. 首先来讲讲铸铁. 译文： 首先，我们来讲讲铸铁。有缘学习更多驾卫星ygd3076 Most cast irons have a chemical composition of 2.5-4.0 percent carbon. Other elements are silicon and manganese, plus special alloying elements for special cast irons. They are easily melted and amenableto casting. 译文： 多数铸铁的化学成份中含碳量为2.5 wt%-4.0 wt%。其他元素包括硅和锰，特 殊的铸铁中还含量特殊的合金元素。铸铁易融化并且易于铸造。 For most cast irons, the carbon exists as graphite. Cast iron can be classified into four categories: gray cast iron, white cast iron, nodular cast iron and malleable cast 1 iron. 译文： 多数铸铁中，碳主要以石墨的形式存在。铸铁可以分为四类：灰铸铁、白铸 铁、球墨铸铁和可锻铸铁。 For gray cast irons, the graphite exists in the form of flakes, which are normally surrounded by an ɑ-ferrite or pearlite matrix. 译文： 灰铸铁中的石墨呈片状，石墨片嵌在ɑ-铁素体或珠光体基质中。 The graphite promotes machinability and lubricity of the metal. In addition, gray cast irons exhibita high resistance to wear and damping ability. These properties have made gray cast iron extensively used f