6分子进化与人类疾病 生物信息学PPT技术文档.pptxVIP

分子进化与人类疾病——微进化及其计算机模拟杨建荣课程练习准备请下载安装 R-studio/products/rstudio/download/#download/products/rstudio/download/#download或 R /CRAN//CRAN/医学研究与进化生物学的关系Wilfred Trotter (1872 –1939), an English surgeon, a pioneer in?neurosurgery.Ultimate causationExample:?Why did the ship hit the rock?Proximate cause: Because the ship failed to change course to avoid it.Ultimate cause: Because the ship was under autopilot and the autopilots data was inaccurate.(even stronger): Because the shipwrights made mistakes in the ships construction.(stronger yet): Because the scheduling of labor at the shipyard allows for very