高一英语专题复习一：被动语态外研社知识精讲.doc.pdfVIP

高一英语专题复习一：被动语态外研社 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 专题复习一：被动语态 二. 重难点讲解： 高一英语必修三中的主要语法点有：被动语态 动词不定式和定 语从句，另外还涉及了主谓一致、间接引语及连接词的用法。 被动语态专题复习 （一）被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 　　被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式，被动语态由 be ＋过去 分词构成 be 随时态的变化而变化。以 do 为例，各种时态的被动语态 形式为： 　　（ 1）am/is/are +done （过去分词） 一般现在时 例 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. （2）has /have been done 现在完成时 　　例 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we’re ready to start. 　　（3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时 　　例 A new cinema is being built here. 　　（4）was/were done 一般过去时 　　例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 　　（5）had been done 过去完成时 　　例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 　　（6）was/were being done 过去进行时 　　例 A meeting was being held when I was there. 　　（7）shall/will be done 一般将来时 　　例 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 　　（8）should/would be done 过去将来时 　　例 The news would be sent to the soldier’s mother as soon as it arrived. 　　（9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 　　例 The project will have been completed before July. 　　（ 10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） 　　例 He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 　　（ 1） 情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be ＋过去分 词。 　　例 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 　　（2）有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主 动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常 变为主语的是间接宾语。 　　例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 　　（3）当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语 变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 　　例 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改 为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 　　（