中医学英文版课件：12 medicinal herbs.pptVIP

第九章 chapter 9 The science of medicinal herbs 中药学 又称药性，对中药各种性质和功能的一种概括，包括四气、五味、升降浮沉、归经及毒性等内容。 The drug property of the herbs describe the therapeutic significance and energetic characteristics including the four property(cold cool hot warm) and five tastes(spicy sweet sour bitter salty),functional tendency,(ascending descending floating sinking), tropism, and toxicity. 一、中 药 的 性 能 The property of medicinal herbs ?第一节?? 中药基本知识 Section1 the basic knowledge of medicinal herbs （一） 四 气 four property 四气是指药物具有寒、热、温、凉四种不同的药性，又称四性。药物的寒、热、温、凉是从药物作用于机体所发生的反应概括出来的。温次于热，凉次于寒。凡能治疗温热性疾病的药物，多属凉性或寒性；凡能治疗寒凉性疾病的药物，多属热性或温性。此外，还有一些寒、热之性不甚明显，作用平和的药物称平性药。 Four property: the nature of the medicinal herbs such as cold, cool, hot and warm, which is from the experience of the application to the body during the administration. Warm is slighter than hot, and cool is slighter than cold. Medicinal herbs cool or cold in property is applied to the illness caused by hot or warm evil, and vice versa. Furthermore , some medicinal herbs are bland in property, the nature of which is not obvious. 五味是指药物具有酸、苦、甘、辛、咸五种滋味, 药味不同，则作用不同。 Five taste is spicy, sweet, sour, bitter and salty. Different taste means different efficacy. （二）五 味 five taste ⒈ 辛 “能散、能行”，即具有发散、行气、行血作用。辛味药多用于治疗表证、气滞及血瘀等病证 Spicy herbs can disperse and promote the Qi flow and blood circulation, mainly indication for exterior syndrome, Qi stagnation and blood stasis. ⒉ 甘 “能补、能和、能缓”，即具有补益、调和、缓急的作用。补益药、调和药及止痛药多具有甘味，故甘味药多用于虚证、脏腑不和及拘挛疼痛等病证 Sweet herbs can tonify, hamonize and moderate, mainly for tonification of deficiency, hamonization the property of medicinal herbs, regulation the function of viscera and analgesia. 五 味 ⒊ 酸 “能收、能涩”，即具有收敛、固涩作用。酸味药大多用于治疗体虚多汗、肺虚久咳、久泻滑脱、遗精遗尿、崩漏带下等病证Sour herbs can absorb and control, mainly indication for astringency such as sweating, chronic cough, chronic diarrhea, enuresis, spermorrhea, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis,and leukorrhea. ⒋ 苦 “能泄、能燥”，即具有通泄、燥湿等作用。如清热燥湿药大多具有苦味，故能泄热燥湿，常用于实热火证及湿热等病证 。Bitter her