定语从句专项（1）.doc

PAGE 定语从句 概念 作用：定语从句在句子中起到____定语______的作用。 位置：_____被定语从句修饰的词_____称为先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词__之后__。 关联词：引导定语从句的关联词相关系代词__who, whom, whose, which, that, as___以及关系副词__when, where, why___，在从句中充当成分。 种类：定语从句分为__限制性定语从句_和_非限制性定语从句_两种。 关系代词和关系副词 关系代词 1. 先行词 在从句中充当的成分 主语 宾语 表语 定语 人 who/that (whom/that) that whose 事物 which/that (which/that) that whose eg. This is the doctor ____who/that____ saved the boy’s life. The person __(whom/that)__ you spoke to is a famous actor. He mentioned a book __whose__ author I can’t remember now. She sat on the corner of the table near the door __(that/which)_ her husband always entered by. He is not the man __that__ he used to be. This is the book __which/that__ tells about space rocket technology. The man _whose_ speech we heard in the radio broadcast is our headmaster. 2. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 1) 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导。关系代词指人，在从句中做介词宾语，用介词+__whom__；关系代词指事物，在从句中做介词宾语，用介词+__which_。注意：不能用介词+that引导定语从句。 eg. The school __in__ __which__ he once studied is very famous. We’ll go to hear the famous singer __about__ __whom__ we often talked. 2) “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词。 eg. He loved his parents deeply, _both of whom are very kind to him___（两人都对他很好）. In the basket there are quite many apples, __some of which have gone bad_（其中有一些已经变质了）. There are forty students in our class in all, _most of whom come from big cities_____（绝大部分都来自于大城市）. 3. 限制性定语从句只能用that 的几种情况 1) 当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时。 2) 当先行词被序数词修饰 3) 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 4) 当形容词被the very, the only修饰时 5) 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时 6) 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时 eg. Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said? All that can be done has been done. There is little that I can do for you. The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. This is the best film that I have seen. This is the very dictionary that I want to buy, After the fire in his