生殖生物学理论与相关技术：04生殖免疫.pptVIP

靶标 精子和卵子 精子转运过程 受精过程 早期胚胎表面的暂时抗原 胎盘激素 HPO轴 Schematic model indicating various targets that are being explored for the contraceptive vaccine development. These include targeting gamete production [gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH)], gamete function [zona pellucida (ZP) proteins of the oocytes and sperm antigens], and gamete outcome (human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG]). 精子相关抗原避孕 精子相关抗原 LDH-C4（乳酸脱氢酶C4） SP-10（精子蛋白-10） 附睾蛋白抑制剂 精子多肽疫苗：YLP12 精子抗原自身免疫途径 透明带抗原免疫避孕 种类 ZP重组抗原疫苗 ZP表位肽疫苗和DNA疫苗 问题 交叉免疫 卵巢功能受损 ZP family Species Length of polypeptide chain (aa) % identity with human ZP1 Mouse 622 39 Rabbit 533 71 Pig 533 68 Bonnet monkey 539 92 Human 565 – ZP2 Mouse 713 60 Rabbit 672 72 Pig 716 64 Bonnet monkey 745 94.2 Human 745 – ZP3 Mouse 424 67 Rabbit 415 69 Pig 420 74 Bonnet monkey 424 93.9 Human 424 – HCG疫苗 HCG：胎盘合体滋养细胞分泌，维持妊娠黄体和胚胎发育 种类 HCG-β结合疫苗 HCG-β基因工程疫苗 HCG-β重组抗原疫苗 HCG-β重组载体疫苗 HCG-βDNA疫苗 HCG-β疫苗和佐剂 问题 免疫效力 女性生殖道粘膜免疫避孕 特点 粘膜表面具有特异免疫应答 作用更直接 安全 研究进展 HCG抗原避孕：设想通过改变免疫原组成和免疫途径提高有效性 携带抗原的乳酸杆菌疫苗：经阴道、口、鼻接种均可产生系统免疫和生殖道免疫应答 Table?I.? ?Success and Potential Limitations of Various Targets for Immunocontraception Target Sex that can use it Major limitation Commercially available vaccine Contraceptive success in animals (species) Success in humans Contraceptive Potential non-contraceptive use GnRH Male and female Causes impotency Equity?, Improvac?, GonaCon?, and Repro-BLOC? Male and female feline species, and maybe some wild animals Not investigated Androgen ablation in men for prostate hypertrophy/carcinoma, and excessive hormone reduction in women for uterine fibroids/endometriosis/polycystic ovary syndrome/precocious puberty FSH Male and female Causes oligospermia None Sub-human primates Causes oligospermia None known LH Male and female Causes impotency None Laboratory animals and sub-human primates Not investigated None known hCG Female Difficult to achieve high ab titer None S