相互依存性与贸易的好处.pdf

Part ⅠIntroduction 3. Interdependence and the Gains from Trade 相互依存性与贸易的好处 Interdependence occurs because people are better off when they specialize and trade with others. • Basis of the Trade: Absolute Advantage Comparative Advantage A Fable Rancher Farmer Case 1: If the farmer can produce only potatoes, and the rancher can produce only meat. Case 2: If the farmer and the rancher were each capable of producing the other good, but only at great cost. 图片来源： 教材 Absolute Advantage • Absolute Advantage —The comparison among producers of a good according to their productivity. A Fable • Case 3 : Only two goods: potatoes and meat Only two people: a potato farmer and a cattle rancher Minutes Needed to Make 1 Ounce of: Amount Produced in 8 Hours Meat Potatoes Meat Potatoes Farmer 60 min/oz 15 min/oz 8 oz 32 oz Rancher 20 min/oz 10 min/oz. 24 oz 48 oz © 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. A Fable - Choice 1 By ignoring each other_ Self-Sufficiency Each consumes what they each produce. The production possibilities frontier is also the consumption possibilities frontier. Minutes Needed to Make 1 Oun