专业英语讲义.doc

PAGE PAGE 1 专业英语 讲义 1 The Parts of A Plant and Their Functions Ⅰ READING AND COMPREHENSION ───────────────────────────── 1A plant is a living organism. 2It is made up of different parts, each of which has a particular purpose, or specialized function. 3If one part of the plant is not functioning properly the whole plant will suffer. 4But we may cut flowers off the plant or prune the roots. 5 Study the following statements carefully and write down whether they are true or not true according to the information expressed above. Then check your answers by referring to the solutions at the end of the passage. (a) Different parts of a plant have specialized functions. (b) Not all parts of a plant need function properly. (c) If we cut flowers off a plant, the whole plant will suffer. 6The basic parts of a plant are the root system, which is below the ground, and the shoot system above. 7The root of a plant has two main functions. 8It takes in, or absorbs, water and minerals from the soil through the root hairs, which are single cells near the tip of each root. 9The other main function of the root is to hold, or anchor, the plant firmly in position in the soil. (d) The shoot system of the plant below the ground. (e) Water and minerals are absorbed through the root hairs. (f) The plant is anchored in the soil by the root system. 10Plant such as sugar beet and carrots are able to store food in their roots. 11In this way they can keep growing for more than one season.12In addition, plants such as clover and lucerne, known as legumes, have special bacteria which live on the roots. 13This simple forms of life take nitrogen out of the air which is in the soil. 14 (g) Carrots can keep growing for more than one season. (h) Special bacteria live on the roots of all plants. The soil is made fertile by ploughing clover and lucerne under the soil. 16The shoot system above the ground consists of the stem, the leaves, flowers and fruit. 17One of the functions of the stem is to su