英汉双语材料力学11.pptVIP

2021/3/17 * 解: 2021/3/17 * 4. A beam with the bending rigidity EI is shown in the figure. The rigidity of the spring at the end B is k. Try to determine the deflection of the point where the force P is applied by Castigliano’s theorem. Solution: ① The strain energy of the system is ② The deflection of Section C is 2021/3/17 * 四、抗弯刚度为EI的梁如图,B端弹簧刚度为k,试用卡氏定理求力P作用点的挠度。 解:① 系统的变形能 ② C截面的挠度 2021/3/17 * 2021/3/17 * [例4 ] 拐杆如图,A处为一轴承,允许杆在轴承内自由转动,但不能上下移动,已知:E=210Gpa，G=0.4E，求B点的垂直位移。 解:①画单位载荷图 ②求内力 5 10 20 A 300 P=60N B x 500 C x1 5 10 20 A 300 B x 500 C =1 P0 ③Determine the deformation ( ) ③变形 ( ) §11–3 CATIGLIANO’S THEOREM Give Pn an increment dPn ,then: 1)First apply forces P1、 P2、???、 Pn on the body ,then: 2). First apply the force dPn on the body,then: 1、Provement of the theorem dn §11–3 卡氏定理 给Pn 以增量 dPn ,则: 1. 先给物体加P1、 P2、???、 Pn 个力,则: 2.先给物体加力 dPn ,则: 一、定理证明 dn Again apply forces P1、 P2、???、Pn ,then: dn n = n P U ? ? d Second Castigliano’s theorem Italian engineer— Alberto Castigliano, 1847～1884 再给物体加P1、 P2、???、Pn 个力,则: dn n = n P U ? ? d 第二卡氏定理 意大利工程师—阿尔伯托·卡斯提安诺(Alberto Castigliano, 1847～1884) 2、what we must pay attention to as we apply Catigliano’s theorem: ①U—Linear elastic strain energy of the whole structure acted by external loads ② Pn is considered as a variable. The reactions and the strain energy of the structure and so on must be all expressed as the function of Pn. ③ ?n is the deformation of the point acted by Pn and it isalong the direction of Pn . ④ If there is no Pn corresponding to ?n we may first act a Pn along ?n and determine the partial derivative and then let Pn be zero. dn 二、使用卡氏定理的注意事项: ①U——整体结构在外载作用下的线 弹性变形能 ② Pn 视为变量,结构反力和变形能 等都必须表示为 Pn的函数 ③ ?n为 Pn 作用点的沿 Pn 方向的变形。 ④ 当无与 ?n对应的 Pn 时,先加一沿 ?n 方向的 Pn ,求偏导后, 再令其为零。 dn 3、Castigliano’s theorem for special structures(rods): 三、特殊结构（杆）的卡氏定理: Example 5 Th