海事法：第四章 共同海损.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * “新杰森条款”（New Jason Clause） In the event of accident, danger, damage or disaster before or after the commencement of the voyage resulting from any cause whatsoever, whether due to negligence or not, for which, or for the consequences of which, the carrier is not responsible, by statute, contract, of otherwise, the goods, shippers, consignees, or owners of the goods shall contribute with the carrier in general average to the payment of any sacrifices, losses, or expenses of a general average nature that may be made or incurred, and shall pay salvage and special charges incurred in respect of the goods.? If a salving ship is owned or operated by the carrier, salvage shall be paid for as fully as if salving ship or ships belonged to strangers. Such deposit as the carrier or his agents may deem sufficient to cover the estimated contribution of the goods and any salvage and special charges thereon shall, if required, be made by the goods, shippers, consignees or owners of the goods to the carrier before delivery. 货方应分摊承运人所遭受的因为船长或者船员驾驶船舶或者管理船舶过失引起共同海损损失。 在姊妹船之间的救助而产生的救助报酬也应作为共同海损 。 适用美国法时，如合同或者运输单证不订有此条款，船方无权要求货方分摊共同海损。 《海事诉讼特别程序法》 第88条：当事人就共同海损的纠纷，可以协议委托理算机构理算，也可以直接向海事法院提起诉讼。海事法院受理未经理算的共同海损纠纷，可以委托理算机构理算。 第89条：理算机构作出的共同海损理算报告，当事人没有提出异议的，可以作为分摊责任的依据；当事人提出异议的，由海事法院决定是否采纳。 第六节 共同海损案件诉讼特别程序 第91条：当事人就同一海损事故向受理共同海损案件的海事法院提起非共同海损的诉讼，以及对共同海损分摊向责任人提起追偿诉讼的，海事法院可以合并审理。 第92条：海事法院审理共同海损案件，应当在立案后一年内审结。有特殊情况需要延长的，由本院院长批准。 第90条：当事人可以不受因同一海损事故提起的共同海损诉讼程序的影响，就非共同海损损失向责任人提起诉讼。 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 当搬移或卸下货物、燃料或物料的费用可作为共同海损时，此种货物、燃料或物料的储存费，包括合理支付的保险费，以及重新装载和积载费用，同样可作为共同海损。但是，如果船舶报废或不继续原定航程，作为共同海损的储存费用应只计算至船舶报废或放弃航程之日为止；如果船舶在卸货完毕以前报废或放弃航程，则应计算至卸货完毕之日为止。 驶往和停留在避难港等地的船员工资、给养和其他费用 1994/2016 YAR 规则XI “wages and maintenance of crew and other expenses bearing up for and in a port of refuge, etc.”： (a) Wages and maintenance of master, officers and crew reasonably incurred and fuel and stores consumed duri