约翰穆勒的幸福观研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 功利主义思想是西方社会思潮中具有跨时代影响力的思想之一，其中幸福思想是功利思想的核心理论，对 幸福观的研究可以使我们深入透彻地了解功利主义。在功利主义思想的众多思想家中，约翰·斯图亚特·穆 勒，是继边沁之后，功利主义思想发展史上的集大成者。穆勒在边沁思想的基础上，修正和完善了功利主 义，使得功利主义思想更加适应社会发展的需要，并且历经了时代的考验和批判发展，确立了它在当时的 地位。 本文旨在运用马克思主义的理论方法以及文献资料法、比较分析法等对穆勒的功利主义幸福观进行简明扼 要的研究。首先，分析穆勒幸福观产生的背景，从穆勒的家庭教育、所处的时代背景以及其思想的渊源进 行论述，深刻认识其思想产生的必然性；其次，重点论述穆勒功利主义思想的精髓—幸福，并大致阐述穆 勒功利主义正义观、自由观与幸福观的关系，由点及面，以达到对其思想全面细致的理解；再次，通过对 穆勒《功利主义》以及他的自传的研读，对穆勒的幸福思想进行辩证的分析，分析其对功利主义思想发展 的影响以及自身的局限性，挖掘幸福观对当今社会的启示意义。最后，对全文进行总结，通过论文的撰写， 达到对功利主义幸福观全面客观的理解。 关键词：穆勒；功利主义；幸福观；正义 Abstract Utilitarianism is one of the ideas of the western social trend of thought across age, of which happiness is the core theory of utilitarian thought, the study of the happiness can make us thoroughly understand utilitarianism. Among the many thinkers of utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill is the great master of utilitarianism after Bentham. On the basis of Benthams thought, Mill modified and perfected the utilitarianism, making utilitarianism more adaptable to the needs of social development, and after the test and critical development of the times, it established its status at that time. The purpose of this paper is to make a brief and concise study of Mills utilitarian happiness by means of the theoretical methods of Marxism, literature and comparative analysis. First, analyze the background of Mills thought of happiness, and from Mills family education, the background of the times and the origin of his thought, understand deeply the inevitability of his thoughts. Secondly, discusses the essence of Mills utilitarianism- happiness, and sketched the relationship between justice, freedom and happiness, from point to plane, in order to achieve the comprehensive and detailed understanding of his thought. Thirdly, through the study of Mills utilitarianism and his autobiography, it analyzes Mills happy thought dialectically, analyzes his influence on the development of utilitarianism and its own limitations, and excavate the sign