全球央行数字货币发展.pdfVIP

研究报告 （2021 年 第 10 期 总第 99 期） 2021 年 10 月 10 日 全球央行数字货币发展 鑫苑房地产金融科技研究中心 【摘要】央行数字货币作为一种新型的数字支付工具，在近年 引起了世界各国广泛的关注。电子形式的央行数字货币在多种支 付情形下为交易双方提供了更加丰富的选择。本文首先分析了央 行数字货币多种运行形式的特点，以及它们在各方面所能带来的 优势。央行数字货币在技术、定位、运行架构方面的多样性能针 对不同国家的金融结构满足不同的需求，而 目前中国央行已经明 确将数字货币定位为零售型，采取中心化管理、双层运营。随后 本文列举了世界各国央行数字货币的发展实践。我们发现，中国 的央行数字货币在群众中进行了多次大规模的试点，在普惠金融 和零售方面领先于大部分国家。而在国际跨境支付和监管合规方 面，中国央行尚需继续推动与世界各国合作研究，为央行数字货 币的发行获取更加稳定的支持。 Research report 2021-10-10 Edition Central Bank Digital Currency Global Development XIN Real Estate Fintech Research Center Abstract: As a new type of digital payment method, Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) has attracted wide attention in recent years. The electronic form of CBDC provides more choice for both parties in a variety of payment situations. This paper first analyzes the characteristics of CBDC in various forms of operation, and the advantages they can bring in all aspects. The diversity of CBDC in technology, positioning and operation structure can meet different needs for different countries financial structure. The People’s Bank of China has clearly positioned CBDC as retail type, taking central management , two-tier operation . Subsequently, this paper lists the development practice of CBDC around the world. We have found that Chinas CBDC has been piloted on a number of large scales among the general public, leading most countries in inclusive finance and retailing. At the same time, in international cross-border payment and regulatory compliance, the central bank needs to continue to promote cooperation with other countries in the world to obtain more stable support for the issuance of CBDC. 目录 1 央行数字货币产生的背景 1 1. 以比特币为代表的虚拟货币与私人机构发行的稳定币 迅 速发展 1 2. 经济结