第3讲PET高频语法之——过去式与完成时之间的巧妙转换.docVIP

PAGE 4 PAGE 4 PET高频语法之 PET高频语法之——过去式与完成时之间的巧妙转换 一般过去时 1．构成 例：He visited us yesterday. 肯定：主语＋过去式 例：He didn’t visit us yesterday. 否定：主语＋didn’t ＋动词原形 例：Did he visit you yesterday. 疑问：Did ＋主语 ＋动词原形 2．动词变过去式的规则 直：visit-visited 规则动词后通常加ed 去：hope-hoped 以e结尾动词词尾加d 双：stop-stopped 以重读闭音节结尾字母双写最后一个字母加ed 改：carry-carried 以福音字母+y结尾的动词，把y改为ied 3．不规则动词变化 come-came go-went swim-swam (只能依靠记忆喽，学英语没有捷径可循) 4．含义：表示过去某个特定时间或时间段发生的动作。 5．标志词： yesterday, in 1999, just now, a few days ago, last week, when 让我们做点儿练习吧 Fill in the blanks 1．Tom and Mary ______(come) to China last month. 2．Mike __________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So he ______(get) up late. 3．Mary ______(read) English yesterday morning. 4．There______(be) no one here a moment ago. 5． I ______(call) Mike this morning. 6．I listened but _______(hear) nothing. 7．She watches TV every evening. But she ____________ (not watch) TV last night. 现在完成时 一、构成 肯定：have/has ＋过去分词 否定：have/has ＋not ＋过去分词 疑问：have/has ＋ 主语 ＋过去分词 二、含义 a．已完成：一个动作在过去发生，已经结束；强调对现在的影响 I have drunk much water. I have been to the bookstore. I drank it just now. I went there last night. 如果句中出现明显的表示过去的时间状语 只用一般过去式，不用现在完成时 b．未完成：一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在 I have lived in Beijing for over 30 years. 标志词 1．already(肯定) yet (否定，疑问) ever/never, just 2．since 自从＋过去的时间点 3．for 长达 ＋时间段 4．so far, up to now, up till now  我们一起做点儿练习吧 1．Where is Jim? He_____to the library. A．went B．has been C．goes　 D．has gone 2．Do you finish the letter? Oh, I______it yet. A．finished B．am finishing C．don’t finish D．haven’t finished 3．Zhao Lan_____already ____in this school for two years. A．was, studying B．will, study C．has, studied D．are, studying 用所给动词的一般过去时、现在完成时或过去完成时填空。 1．I’m too late. The bus_________ (go). 2．My father________(be) to America many times. 3．I___________(know) her since she came here. 4．I _________(live) in Beijing since I ______(be) ten years old. 过去时与完成时之间如何转换呢？ I have lived in Beijing for three years ＝I came to Beijng 3 yea