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PAGE 4
PET高频语法之
PET高频语法之——过去式与完成时之间的巧妙转换
一般过去时
1.构成
例:He visited us yesterday.
肯定:主语+过去式
例:He didn’t visit us yesterday.
否定:主语+didn’t +动词原形
例:Did he visit you yesterday.
疑问:Did +主语 +动词原形
2.动词变过去式的规则
直:visit-visited 规则动词后通常加ed
去:hope-hoped 以e结尾动词词尾加d
双:stop-stopped 以重读闭音节结尾字母双写最后一个字母加ed
改:carry-carried 以福音字母+y结尾的动词,把y改为ied
3.不规则动词变化
come-came go-went swim-swam (只能依靠记忆喽,学英语没有捷径可循)
4.含义:表示过去某个特定时间或时间段发生的动作。
5.标志词:
yesterday, in 1999, just now, a few days ago, last week, when
让我们做点儿练习吧
Fill in the blanks
1.Tom and Mary ______(come) to China last month.
2.Mike __________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night.
So he ______(get) up late.
3.Mary ______(read) English yesterday morning.
4.There______(be) no one here a moment ago.
5. I ______(call) Mike this morning.
6.I listened but _______(hear) nothing.
7.She watches TV every evening.
But she ____________ (not watch) TV last night.
现在完成时
一、构成
肯定:have/has +过去分词
否定:have/has +not +过去分词
疑问:have/has + 主语 +过去分词
二、含义
a.已完成:一个动作在过去发生,已经结束;强调对现在的影响
I have drunk much water.
I have been to the bookstore.
I drank it just now.
I went there last night.
如果句中出现明显的表示过去的时间状语
只用一般过去式,不用现在完成时
b.未完成:一个动作开始于过去,持续到现在
I have lived in Beijing for over 30 years.
标志词
1.already(肯定) yet (否定,疑问) ever/never, just
2.since 自从+过去的时间点
3.for 长达 +时间段
4.so far, up to now, up till now
我们一起做点儿练习吧
1.Where is Jim?
He_____to the library.
A.went B.has been C.goes D.has gone
2.Do you finish the letter?
Oh, I______it yet.
A.finished B.am finishing
C.don’t finish D.haven’t finished
3.Zhao Lan_____already ____in this school for two years.
A.was, studying B.will, study
C.has, studied D.are, studying
用所给动词的一般过去时、现在完成时或过去完成时填空。
1.I’m too late. The bus_________ (go).
2.My father________(be) to America many times.
3.I___________(know) her since she came here.
4.I _________(live) in Beijing since I ______(be) ten years old.
过去时与完成时之间如何转换呢?
I have lived in Beijing for three years
=I came to Beijng 3 yea
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