情态动词讲义.ppt

②If you should change your mind, please let us know. 万一你改变主意，请通知我们。 ③Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 万一我明天有时间，我就来。 此外，Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。 ①??? Why should you be so late today? 你今天怎么来得这么晚？ * * 情态动词（Modal Verbs） 一. can, may, must 作为情态动词的特点 1.不可单独作谓语。 2.情态动词后需加动词原形 3.情态动词无人称和数的变化 二．can, may, must的具体用法 1.can/could 非推测性用法 能力 “许可 可以” I can climb this tree. He can read books. Can I help you? 注意： Can I smoke here ? Yes ,you can . No ,you can’t I can speak English, but I couldn’t 3 years ago. Could 表过去的能力和许可。 Father said I could swim in the river. I could swim when I was only six. Could you wait a few days? Yes , I can. (could you比can you语气更客气,婉转) You can go now( 客观允许).=you may go now（主观） Can 与be able to Can只有两种时态 can ,could，be able to 有除进行时以外的所有时态。 Can表示一贯的能力 ，be able to表示客观能力和通过努力可以达到的能力 I can’t swim. But I am sure I will be able to swim through more practicing. The fire spread through the hotel, but everyone was able to get out When the boat sank he was able to swim to the bank. B) can/could推测性用法 可能 He can’t be working now. I saw him just now. Can it be true? He can’t be Mary’s father . He is too young. 注意 1)can/could推测性用法 “可能” ，can用于否定和疑问句中，不用于肯定句中,could可用于肯定句中. You could be right, I suppose. My wife is in hospital—our baby could arrive at any time. 2).can/could 表示对过去的推测是，用can/could(not) have done He can’t have gone to work. It is Sunday. Where can Tom have gone? She could have gone to the cinema. He can’t have seen me yesterday. 3).can用于肯定句，可表一时的可能性，”有时可能” A horse in the centre of London can cost a lot of money. You can walk through the forest for miles without seeing anyone. Old newspapers can be useful. could 加完成式用于肯定句时，一般表过去可能完成而却未完成的动作。虚拟语气 I could have passed my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes. ---They managed to take me though there were 5 people in the car. --It couldn’t have been a comfortable journey. 2. may /might A).非推测性用法 许可 可以 You may leave at once. You