虚拟语气讲解.docVIP

虚拟语气 一、If 引导的条件句中的虚拟语气 时间 从句谓语形式 主句谓语形式 例 ? 将来 动词过去式(be用were) should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形 ?would / should / might / could + 动词原形 If he were to/should/come here/he came here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。 现在 动词过去式 (be 用 were) would / should / might / could + 动词原形 If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。 过去 had +动词过去分词 would / should / might / could have + 动词过去分词 If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可省略，而将were, should, had等词置于句首。 例：Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们会已经聘用他来这里工作了。 ▲ if only 要是…就好了 If only I had got it. 要是我得到它了该多好啊。 ▲ 在句中出现but for(if it were not for/ if it hadn’t been for), without, otherwise, or else 等时，后面的虚拟语气形式参照上面表格中主句谓语动词形式，视句子涵义而定。 例：Without water and sunlight, all the creatures would die. I was quite busy at that time, otherwise I would have helped you. But for the doctor, I would still be lying in bed, suffering from liver failure. 二、 as if, as though引导的方式状语从句的虚拟语气 表示所发生的时间 虚拟语气结构 例 发生在主句动作之前 had + 过去分词 They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他们开始热烈的谈论起来就好像他们已相互认识很久了。 与主句动作同时发生 过去时(be 用were ) She treats the boy as if he were her own son.她对待那个男孩就像他是她的亲儿子一样。 发生在主句动作之后 would / could / might / should+原形动词 He coughed twice as if someone should come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。 三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1. wish 后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 表示所发生的时间 虚拟语气结构 例 发生在主句动作之前 had + 过去分词 I wish I had been there with them last week. 我希望上周跟他们一起在那儿。 与主句动作同时发生 过去时(be 用were ) I wish you were here. 我希望你在这儿。 发生在主句动作之后 would / could动词原形 He wishes we could go and play games with him. 他希望我们能去跟他做游戏。 2. would rather后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 表示所发生的时间 虚拟语气结构 例 过去 had + 过去分词； I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday. 我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。 现在 过去时(be 用were ) I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你现在在这儿。 将来 过去时(be 用were ) We’d rather you went here tomorrow. 我么倒想你明天去那儿。 3．(1) advise，suggest, recommend,propose,demand, request,desire, urge,order, command,… + th