地方政府环境责任研究——以瑞安市为例.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 19 地方政府环境责任研究 ——以瑞安市为例 摘要：地方政府对环境保护有着不可推卸的责任，但是由于地方政府环境责任缺失导致出现了环境监管中的政府失灵现象。本文选取瑞安市作为研究对象，研究环境保护领域中的地方政府责任问题。瑞安市为改善环境，健全绩效考核机制、深入开展节能减排、加强环境污染综合整治，取得了不错的成效。但地方政府环境责任仍存在着环境管理制度不完善、经济责任与环境责任不均衡、城市环境责任与农村环境责任不协调、环境责任问责机制不健全等问题。为此，应该完善政府环境管理制度、统筹城乡环境协调发展、完善环境责任问责机制、优化政府绩效考核制度、构筑有效的公众参与机制。 关键词：地方政府；环境责任；瑞安市 The Local Government Environmental Responsibility --Take Rui’an for Example Abstract：With the development of Chinas economy, environmental issues become increasingly acute. At the present stage the study of government environmental responsibility has made some achievements. But there still exist some problems. The article take Rui’an for an example. In order to improve the environment, Ruian perfects the performance evaluation mechanism, carry out energy-saving emission reduction, and strengthen the comprehensive improvement of environmental pollution. Environmental governance has achieved good results. But the local government environmental responsibility still exist some problems, such as the faultiness environmental management system, the unbalanced economic and environmental responsibilities, the disproportionate environmental responsibility of urban and rural, and environmental responsibility accountability mechanism is not sound. Therefore, we should improve the government environmental management system, coordinate development of urban and rural environment, improve the accountability mechanism of environmental responsibility, optimize the government performance appraisal system, and build an effective public participation mechanism. Keywords: Local government, Environmental responsibility, Rui’an 一、 导言 （一） 研究背景 我国的生态环境随着经济的发展日益恶化，环境作为人类赖以生存的自然资源，一旦受到破坏就难以恢复。越来越严峻的环境问题，引起了社会各界对政府环境责任的关注和重视。十三五规划纲要提出了生态环境质量总体改善的目标，十八大报告把生态文明建设列入中国特色社会主义事业总体布局。可见政府密切关注环境保护工作，同时也对环境治理提出了更艰巨的任务与更严格的要求。但依照现在的状况，我国地方政府环境责任严重缺失，完善政府环境责任刻不容缓。 以温州瑞安市为例，由于城市化进程的加快，经济得到了快速的发展，但随之而来的是日益严重的环境问题，政府还在为之前因环境监管不作为、乱作为还债。虽然瑞安市政府在近几年积极履行了一系列包括环境污染综合治理等措施在内的环境责任，但也存在例如环境公共产品供给不足、环境管