第七讲 颈部疾病介绍PPT课件.ppt

* College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD * College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine , SDAU Copyright ? All reserved, MA WM PhD . . 第七讲 颈部疾病 . 颈静脉炎（Jugular phlebitis） 【病因】 1、颈静脉采血、放血、注射等不按照无菌操作规程，反复多次地刺激或损伤颈静脉及其周围组织； 2、颈部手术时，造成颈静脉组织的损伤和继发感染； 3、将刺激性药物（如氯化钙、水合氯醛等）漏至颈静脉外，从而导致无菌性颈静脉周围炎，而继发颈静脉炎。 . 【症状】根据炎症发生的范围和性质可分为下列几种： 1、颈静脉炎　指单纯性颈静脉本身组织的炎症，静脉管壁增厚，硬固而有疼痛。 2、颈静脉周围炎　颈静脉沟出现不同程度的急性炎症现象，患部肿胀、热、痛明显。 3、血栓性颈静脉炎　颈静脉沟出现炎性水肿，局部热、痛，颈静脉内有血栓形成，并在沟内出现长索状粗大的肿胀物，质较硬，血栓远心端颈静脉怒张，血栓近心端颈静脉触之空虚。 4、化脓性颈静脉炎　颈部弥漫性温热、疼痛及炎性水肿。不易触知颈静脉。病畜出现精神沉郁、食欲减退、体温升高等全身症状。　　 . 【治疗】 1、对注射刺激性药物失误而漏至颈静脉外时，应立即停止注射，并向局部隆起处注入生理盐水，同时用20%硫酸钠热敷。也可在隆起周围用盐酸普鲁卡因封闭。若隆起过大，可考虑在其下缘作切口，以排出漏出的药物。 2、无菌性血栓性颈静脉炎，可应用局部温热疗法。也可应用消炎消肿散、复方醋酸铅散等外敷。不宜涂有刺激性强的软膏。 3、颈静脉周围蜂窝织炎时，应早期切开，切口要大，深达受侵