三门峡黄河公园越冬期大天鹅的行为规律探析.docVIP

三门峡黄河公园越冬期大天鹅的行为规律探析 目录 TOC \o 1-9 \h \z \u 目录 1 正文 1 文1：三门峡黄河公园越冬期大天鹅的行为规律探析 1 1、实验方法与数据处理 3 2、结果与分析 4 3、讨论 7 4、建议 9 文2：鲤鱼越冬期死亡的原因及其对策 10 1 鲤鱼越冬期死亡的原因 10 2 减少越冬期鲤鱼死亡的对策 11 参考文摘引言： 12 原创性声明（模板） 13 文章致谢（模板） 13 正文 三门峡黄河公园越冬期大天鹅的行为规律探析 文1：三门峡黄河公园越冬期大天鹅的行为规律探析 Abstract：　From November 2017 to January 2018， researche conducted a study on the daytime behavior of Cygnus cygnus in Yellow River park of Sanmenxia using the itantaneous scanning method. The results showed that: the major behavio of Cygnus cygnus were foraging， swimming and alertness， which accounted for %， % and % of the total behavior respectively， at the beginning of the early wintering period (November) ; the major behavio of Cygnus cygnus were alertness， sleeping and swimming， which accounted for %， % and % of the total behavior， respectively， at the ending of the early wintering period (December) ; The major behavio of Cygnus cygnus were swimming and sleeping， which accounted for % and % of the total behavior respectively， in the middle of winter (January) . The proportion of behavio such as walking， flying， and fighting in various periods of the Cygnus cygnus was small， and the time taken on the preening has not changed much. Through Spearmans correlation analysis， it was found that swimming， fighting， alertness and flight of the Cygnus cygnus were significantly positively correlated with the number of tourists. There was a significant negative correlation between sleeping and the number of tourists and human disturbance facto。 Keyword：　Swa; Wintering behavior; Time distribution; Sanmenxia; 大天鹅Cygnus?cygnus为国家二级保护动物， 冬季主要分布于黄河流域及附近湖泊;春季经华北、内蒙古等地迁徙到黑龙江、蒙古人民共和国及西伯利亚等地繁殖 (马鸣， ?1993) 。 黄河公园是一个城市公园， 地处三门峡库区， 人类活动频繁。公园内天鹅栖息地是研究人员2015年采用湿地恢复技术构建而成， 总面积?hm2， 其中水域面积约?hm2， 湖心岛面积?hm2， 人与天鹅的最近距离是70?m。2015年11月到2018年2月， 黄河公园大天鹅从无到有， 数量最多达625只， 成为三门峡库区的大天鹅栖息地之一 (司世杰， ?2018) 。 目前对大天鹅行为的研究较少， 大多研究针对野外条件下大天鹅的繁殖行为 (董超， ?2015;?刘利， ?2015) 或笼养条件下大天鹅的行为观察 (王保志， ?2012;?赵芳菊， ?2013) 。城市公园是市民重要的