汽车工作原理HowDoesACarWork.ppt

How Does A Car Work? 第一页，共二十页。 Car Sub-Systems of Interest Torque Converter Engine Transmission Differential Tires CarBody 第二页，共二十页。 Engine 第三页，共二十页。 Four Cycles Intake Compression Combustion Exhaust 第四页，共二十页。 Simplified Engine Model Use SI units! Torque in [Nm], velocity in [rad/s] and Power in [W] 第五页，共二十页。 Car Sub-Systems of Interest Torque Converter Engine Transmission Differential Tires CarBody 第六页，共二十页。 Torque Converter 第七页，共二十页。 Torque Converter The model of a torque converter is fairly complex and highly nonlinear We will not consider it in this class. If you need it, it will be provided to you as a Matlab function. 第八页，共二十页。 Car Sub-Systems of Interest Torque Converter Engine Transmission Differential Tires CarBody 第九页，共二十页。 Transmission Purpose: provide large power at all vehicle velocities 第十页，共二十页。 Transmission morecompact sun planet ring 第十一页，共二十页。 Model of a Transmission Assumptions: No friction or other losses No inertia Reduces the rotational velocity: Increases the torque where n is the transmission ratio and subscript in refers to the shaft connected to the torque converter. 第十二页，共二十页。 Car Sub-Systems of Interest Torque Converter Engine Transmission Differential Tires CarBody 第十三页，共二十页。 Differential 第十四页，共二十页。 Model of a Differential – Same as Transmission Assumptions: Car drives in a straight line No friction or other losses; no inertia Reduces the rotational velocity: Increases the torque where n is the transmission ratio and subscript in refers to the shaft connected to the transmission. 第十五页，共二十页。 Model of a Wheel Assumptions: Car drives in a straight line No slip; no tire deformation; no friction losses; no inertia Converts rotational velocity into translational velocity: Converts torque into force: where R is the radius of the wheel. 第十六页，共二十页。 Model of the Car Body Wind Resistance: Gravitational Force: Tire Resistance: 第十七页，共二十页。 * * Heres what happens as the engine goes through its cycl