TED中英官方演讲稿-ManuPrakash_2012G只要 50 美分，就能拥有如折纸般的显微镜.docx

1.The year is 1800. 就在西元1800年2.A curious little invention is being talked about. 有一個神奇的小裝置引起了眾人的關注3.Its called a microscope. 它就是顯微鏡4.What it allows you to do is see tiny little lifeforms that are invisible to the naked eye. 它的功用是 讓你看見那些 肉眼看不到的生命形式5.Soon comes the medical discovery that many of these lifeforms are actually causes of terrible human diseases. 很快在醫學上也發現 這些微小的生命形式也是造成 許多可怕疾病的成因6.Imagine what happened to the society when they realized that an English mom in her teacup actually was drinking a monster soup, not very far from here. This is from London. 想像當時的社會發生什麼事 當他們了解到 一位拿著茶杯的英國婦女 實事上正在啜飲一杯致病怪獸湯 這是在離這裡不遠的倫敦7.Fast forward 200 years. 兩百年過後的現在8.We still have this monster soup around, and its taken hold in the developing countries around the tropical belt. 世界上依舊存在這些致病怪獸湯 只不過喝著他們的人大部分在開發中國家 還有赤道地區9.Just for malaria itself, there are a million deaths a year, and more than a billion people that need to be tested because they are at risk 就拿瘧疾來說 它一年造成了一百萬人死亡 而這世界上有十億人 因為高風險而需要被檢測10.for different species of malarial infections. 以應付不同種的瘧疾感染11.Now its actually very simple to put a face to many of these monsters. 現在要辨認這些怪獸的身分 其實非常簡單12.You take a stain, like acridine orange or a fluorescent stain or Giemsa, and a microscope, and you look at them. 只要拿一個染劑，例如說吖啶橙 螢光染劑或吉姆薩染液 再搭配顯微鏡的話，你就會發現13.They all have faces. 它們全都有自己特殊的面貌14.Why is that so, that Alex in Kenya, Fatima in Bangladesh, Navjoot in Mumbai, and Julie and Mary in Uganda still wait months to be able to diagnose why they are sick? 如果真是這樣的話 那為什麼住在肯亞的Alex 住在孟加拉的Fatima、來自孟買的Navjoot 還有烏干達的Julie跟 仍舊需要等上幾個月 才能夠被診斷出他們染上了這個疾病？15.And thats primarily because scalability of the diagnostics is completely out of reach. 這主要是因為對他們來說 以顯微鏡作為診斷工具是完全不可能的16.And remember that number: one billion. 然後請記住這個數字：十億人17.The problem lies with the microscope itself. 這個問題主要是出自顯微鏡本身18.Even though the pinnacle of modern science, research microscopes are not designed for field tes