TED中英官方演讲稿-GiadaGerboni_2018柔性、软性机器人不可思议的潜力.docxVIP

So, robots. Robots can be programmed to do the same task millions of times with minimal error, something very difficult for us, right? And it can be very impressive to watch them at work. Look at them. I could watch them for hours. No? What is less impressive is that if you take this robot out of the factories, where the environments are not perfectly known and measured like here, to do even a simple task which doesnt require much precision, this is what can happen. I mean, opening a door, you dont require much precision.?说到机器人。 机器人可被编程进行 数百万次的重复任务，而几乎不出错， 这对我们来说很难做到，对吧？ 工作中的机器人很迷人。 看看它们。 我可以盯着看几个小时。 没有这种感觉吗？ 不那么迷人的是， 如果这些机器人离开工厂， 进入一个不同的环境，不像 在工厂这样进行过精确的了解和测量, 去完成一项不需要什么 精度的简单任务， 结果可能是这样的—— 我是说，就开个门， 不用考虑什么精度。(Laughter)（笑声）Or a small error in the measurements, you miss the valve, and thats it --或者测量数据里有个小误差， 它错过了阀门，就这样了——(Laughter)（笑声）with no way of recovering, most of the time.多数情况下，根本无法恢复。So why is that? Well, for many years, robots have been designed to emphasize speed and precision, and this translates into a very specific architecture. If you take a robot arm, its a very well-defined set of rigid links and motors, what we call actuators, they move the links about the joints. In this robotic structure, you have to perfectly measure your environment, so what is around, and you have to perfectly program every movement of the robot joints, because a small error can generate a very large fault, so you can damage something or you can get your robot damaged if something is harder.这是为什么呢？ 多年来， 机器人的设计一直 在强调速度和精度， 这已经演变成了 一种非常特定的构架。 如果观察一个机器臂， 它是一组精准设计的刚性连杆， 还有马达，也叫致动器， 马达让连杆绕着关节移动。 在这种机器人结构中， 你必须完美地测量工作环境， 了解周围环境里有什么， 还要对机器关节的每一个运动 完美地编程， 因为一个小误差就会 产生非常大的故障， 会损坏别的东西，或者 如果别的东西比机器人硬， 就会损坏你的机器人。So lets talk about them a moment. And dont think about the brains of these robots or how carefully we program them, but rather look at their bodies. There is obviously something wrong with it, because what makes a robot precise and strong also makes them ridiculously da