临床心理学(PART1) 郑希耕 模型健康.pptVIP

Operant procedures The other 105 rats were assigned into 12groups, i.e., Morphine-2.5% (n=8), Saline-2.5% (n=9), Morphine-4% (n=8), Saline-4% (n=9), Morphine-15% (n=9), Saline-15% (n=10), Morphine-30% (n=9), Saline-30% (n=10), Morphine-40% (n= 9), Saline-40% (n=9), Morphine-60% (n=7), Saline-60% (n=8). On day 4 of withdrawal, those rats were habituated to the operant chamber for 15min, and then were immediately given a 60-min session to be trained to associate stimuli with the delivery of 0.08 ml liquid dispensed in the central liquid receptacle. In the 60-min session, the chamber was illuminated by two nose-poke lights, and liquid was delivered into the central liquid receptacle on a variable interval (VI)40-s schedule (ChudasamaandRobbins,2003). One second before a liquid dropped, the houselight (as the stimuli) was switched and remained on for a total of 4s. During the habituation, tap water was used as the liquid reward. To ensure that the rats drink more water in the operating chambers, water and food was removed from their housecages 12 and 18h before the habituation started, respectively. Throughout the operant training and testing, the rats were allowed to have access to food during 1h per day after each daily session in order to maintain a body weight 85% percent of their baseline weight (Dias-Ferreiraetal.,2009). On the day after habituation, animals were trained to attain liquid under a FR1 schedule of reinforcement (i.e., one nosepoke resulted in a drop of 0.08ml of either 2.5, 4, 15, 30, 40, or 60% sucrose solution, according to which group they belonged to for 2 days (Rossettietal.,2013). Introduction of the animal’s nose into the correct nose-poke hole (active device) would turn on the house light and then, 1s later, switched on the syringe pump. Nosepokes in the other nose-poke hole (inactive device) had no scheduled consequences. The acquisition criterion was defined as that a rat attained 60 reinforcers within 40min, but if it failed, it would be