- 1、原创力文档(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。。
- 2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载。
- 3、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
- 4、该文档为VIP文档,如果想要下载,成为VIP会员后,下载免费。
- 5、成为VIP后,下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后,不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
- 6、成为VIP后,您将拥有八大权益,权益包括:VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
- 7、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传,每下载1次, 网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等,对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档
查看更多
Unit1
Part1
Criticalthinkinginvolvesthinkingaboutthinking
Theavailabilityheuristicinvolvesunconsciouslyassigningaprobabilitytoatypeofeventbasedonhowoftenonethinksofeventsofthattype.
Anissuesimplyraisesaquestion.
Thepartofanargumentthatprovidesareasonforacceptingtheotherpartiscalledthepremise.
Ageneralruleweunconsciouslyfollowinestimatingprobabilitiesiscalledaheuristic.
Theconclusionofanargumentiswhatthepremisesupposedlysupportsordemonstrates.
Thetendencytoweighnegativeevidencemoreheavilythanpositiveevidenceiscalledanegativitybias.
A(n)argumentpresentsaconsiderationforacceptingaclaim.
Assumingthatsocietyingeneralsharestheviewsheldbyusandthepeoplewe
knowisthefalseconsensuseffect.
Part3
“
”
isan
objectiveclaim.(F)
Whetheranobjectiveclaimistrueorfalsedependsonwhetherpeople
thinkitistrueorfalse.(F)
Criticalthinkingshouldincludebiasesoremotions.(F)
Experiencedphilosophersorotherspecialistsintheirfieldsrarelymake
mistakesinreasoning.(F)
Part4
Educatedguessesorrulesofthumbareoftencalledheuristics
Emotion,greed,andbiasareallfactorsthatcanunderminecritical
thinking.
Whataretheultimateobjectivesofthinkingcritically(Checkallthat
apply.)
(C,D)
A.Tomakevisedecisions
B.Tocometocorrectconclusions
C.Tomakehastygeneralization
D.Todevelopadversarythinking
AllDobermansaredogs.Somedogsliketobark.ThereforesomeDobermansliketobark.Thetendencytoacceptthisargumentatfirstglancemaybedueto.
(D)
A.self-servingbias
B.negativitybias
C.confirmationbias
D.beliefbias
Thisbiasispresentwhenmostmembersofagroupthinktheyarebetteratsomethingthanmostothermembersofthegroup.(A)
A.Better-than-averageillusion
B.Fundamentalattributionerror
C.Beliefbias
D.Bandwagoneffect
6.Whatbiasisineffectwhenyouassumethatthecandidatewhosenameyouseethe
mostoftenisprobablythemostpopularcandidate(B)
A.Obediencetoauthority
B.Availabilityheuristic
C.Majorityrules
D.Bandwagoneffect
Part5
1.Anargumentconsistsof,atminimum,_____B______.
A.aconclusion
B.onepremiseandaconclusion
C.twoormorepremisesandconclusion
原创力文档


文档评论(0)