《无机化学》课件-6_Chapter-1Introduction-lecture2.ppt

IntroductionChapter 1Lecture 2 5. Why Study Chemistry ?5.1 Chemistry  － the Central Science 5.2 Chemistry  － Closely Related to Life ScienceThe DNA backbone is a polymer with an alternating sugar-phosphate sequence. The deoxyribose sugars(去氧核糖) are joined at both the 3’-hydroxyl and 5’-hydroxyl groups to phosphate groups in ester (酯) links, also known as “phosphodiester” bonds (磷酸二酯键). Within the DNA double helix, A(adenine, 腺嘌呤) forms 2 hydrogen bonds with T(thymine, 胸腺嘧啶) on the opposite strand, and G(guanine, 鸟嘌呤) forms 3 hyrdorgen bonds with C(cytosine, 胞嘧啶) on the opposite strand.Hydrogen bondHydrogen bond Structure of DNA Double Helix? Two DNA strands form a helical spiral, winding around a helix axis in a right-handed spiral ? The two polynucleotide chains run in opposite directions ? The sugar-phosphate backbones of the two DNA strands wind around the helix axis like the railing(扶手) of a sprial staircase ? The bases of the individual nucleotides are on the inside of the helix, stacked on top of each other like the steps of a spiral staircase. 95oC Health Medicine Scientists Published Mouse‘s Genetic Code 04 Dec 2002, 21:22 UTC of VOA Right now molecular events taking place within you allow your eyes to scan this ppt slide and your brain cells to translate fluxes of electric charge into thoughts. The most vital biological questions: ? How did life arise and evolve? ? How does an organism reproduce, grow, and age? ? What is the essence of health and disease? —ultimately have chemical answers. Nobel Prize in Chemistry illustrates the close  relation between chemistry and life scienceAlfred Nobel (1833-1896) Swedish Industrialist The Nobel Prize Medal for Physics and Chemistry? John B. Fenn b. 1917. USA Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA, USA Koichi Tanaka b.1959. JapanShimadzu Corp. Kyoto, Japan Kurt Wüthrich b.1938. SwitzerlandThe Scrip